论检察权人民性的回归及其制度修正

On the Return to the People's Nature of Procuratorial Power and Its System Amendment

人大制度下的检察权应以人民性为根本属性,并围绕该属性构建相关制度,为确立检察权的根本性质,在整体主义立场上可将检察权的性质与功能予以区分,法律监督系对检察权整体功能的描述,这种法律监督功能应当建立在检察权的人民性基础之上,法律监督之功能不是目的,而是实现检察权人民性之媒介。我国《宪法》规范对检察权人民性的确认体现在两个方面,一是通过人民民主制度逻辑进行确认,二是通过检察机关的《宪法》定位进行确认。制度设计方面,可尝试运用协商民主下的公众参与理论对检察权予以改造,即以公众参与检察制度作为切入点修正检察权能结构,既能维护现行检察权能结构的稳定,还有助于实现人大监督与检察监督的良性互动。

The procuratorial power under the People's Congress system should take the people's nature as the fundamental attribute,and build relevant systems around this attribute.To establish the fundamental nature of the procuratorial power,the nature and function of the procuratorial power can be distinguished from a holistic standpoint.The legal supervision is the description of the overall function of the procuratorial power.This function of legal supervision should be based on the people's nature of procuratorial power.The function of legal supervision is not an end,but a medium to realize the people's nature of the procuratorial power.The confirmation of the people's nature of the procuratorial power by our country's constitutional norms is reflected in two aspects:one is the confirmation through the logic of the people's democratic system,and the other is the confirmation through the constitutional positioning of the procuratorial organ.In terms of system design,we can reform the procuratorial power through the public participation theory under the consultative democracy,that is,the public participation into the procuratorial system is the starting point to modify the procuratorial power structure.This will maintain the stability of the power and function structure of the current procuratorial power,and also help to realize the benign interaction between the People's Congress supervision and the procuratorial supervision.