2型糖尿病新药的研究进展

Research Progress of New Drugs for Type 2 Diabetes

2型糖尿病属于临床常见的一种慢性代谢性疾病,常发生于中老年群体、肥胖者等,严重影响患者身心健康及生活质量。以往临床治疗该病常通过口服双胍类、磺脲类等药物治疗,或者通过胰岛素类药物以达到控制血糖效果,虽然可在一定程度上缓解患者症状,改善病情,但是存在一定局限性,故开发新作用机制的新药治疗2型糖尿病成为当前临床研究的重点及难点。近年来,临床在治疗糖尿病的药物治疗方面取得较大进展,本文主要对胰高血糖素样肽-1(GLP-1)受体激动剂、纳-葡萄糖协同运转蛋白-2(SGLT-2)抑制剂、二肽基肽酶-4(DPP-4)抑制剂等新型药物治疗2型糖尿病特点及效果进行综述,以指导临床合理用药。

Type 2 diabetes is a common chronic metabolic disease,which often occurs in middle-aged,old people,obese peo ple and so on.It seriously affects the physical and mental health and quality of life of patients.In the past,the clinical treatment of this disease was often through oral administration of biguanides,sulfonylureas and other drugs,or through insulin drugs to achieve the effect of blood glucose control.Although it can alleviate the symptoms and improve the condition to a certain extent,there are certain limitations,so the development of new mechanisms of action for the treatment of type 2 diabetes has become the focus and difficulty of the current clinical research.In recent years,great progress has been made in the clinical treatment of diabetes.In this paper,the characteristics and effects of new drugs such as GLP-1 receptor agonist,SGLT-2 inhibitor,DPP-4 inhibitor in the treat ment of type 2 diabetes are reviewed to guide the clinical rational use of drugs.