基于社会网络分析法的国产中药育发类化妆品的现状分析

Situation Analysis of Traditional Chinese Medicine Hair Care Cosmetics Based on Social Network Analysis

目的分析中国1999—2019年已上市的中药育发类化妆品的现状,为相关特殊类化妆品的研发提供思路。方法通过检索国家药品监督管理局数据库已公布的国产育发类化妆品,汇总产品注册及其配方组成信息,统计含中药提取物的批准产品数量、申报年份、地域、产品剂型等信息,对配方中中药的性味归经等信息进行整理,并结合Bibexcel分析软件对中药的主要配伍关系进行抽取和整理,采用Ucinet 6.0软件中NetDraw构建可视化网络。结果检索得知近21年间中国注册含中药的育发类特殊用途化妆品423个(占全部育发类化妆品的56.63%)。2012年为注册高峰(13.5%),注册数量受国家政策的影响。产品注册地区分布于全国26个省市,以广东为主(48.70%)。剂型以液体制剂为主,洗发水(38.53%)、育发液(32.62%)两类占比最高,但近年开始出现了按摩膏、喷剂等新类型产品。国产中药育发类化妆品共涉及中药154种,其中侧柏叶(286次)、何首乌(257次)等5味中药频次超过百次,补气及补血药的累积使用频次较高(463次),凉血止血药(321次)次之;性温、味甘、归肝经中药占多数。产品多数由2~4种药材构成小复方(占比45.30%),最常见配伍为侧柏叶-何首乌(共现频次184次),另外侧柏叶、何首乌、当归、人参等高频药材的相互配伍共现频次高,配伍较为丰富化。结论中药育发类化妆品市场广阔,国家监管日趋规范化,剂型将日渐丰富化。中药在国产育发类化妆品中应用广泛,未来将重视化妆品中中药新配方的挖掘及配伍优化,尤其应注重中医药理论的指导,完善功效评价体系,明确中药化学成分并重视其作用机制的探讨。

OBJECTIVE Analyze the status of traditional Chinese medicine in the hair care cosmetics listed in China from 1999 to 2019,and provide ideas for the research and development of related special-purpose cosmetics.METHODS By searching the domestically produced hair care cosmetics that had been published in the National Drug Administration database,gathering product registration and formula information,and counting the quantity,declaration year,declaration area,and product dosage form of approved products containing Chinese herbal extracts.The flavor and meridian tropism of each traditional Chinese medicine was sorted out,and the main compatibility of traditional Chinese medicine was extracted and sorted by Bibexcel analysis software.The visual network was constructed by NetDraw in Ucinet 6.0 software.RESULTS Retrieval revealed that in the past 21 years,there were 423 hair care cosmetics including traditional Chinese medicine had been registed in China(56.63%of all hair care cosmetics).Registration peaked in 2012(13.5%),and the number of registrations was affected by national policies.Product registration areas were distributed in 26 provinces and cities in China mainly in Guangzhou(48.70%).The dosage form was mainly liquid preparation,in which shampoo(38.53%)and hair growth liquid(32.62%)accounted for the highest proportion.But in recent years,massage cream,spray and other new types of products began to appear.Domesitc Chinese medicine hair care cosmetics involved 154 kinds of Chinese traditional medicine,in which the Platycladus orientalis(286 times),Polygonum multiflorum(257 times)and the other five had frequency of more than one hundred times.The cumulative use frequency of qi and blood tonic drugs was higher(463 times),followed by blood cooling and hemostatic drugs(321 times).The majority of these TCM were warm,sweet and belong to liver meridian.Most products consist of small compounds composed of 2-4 kinds of medicinal materials(45.30%),and the most common compatibility was Platycladus orientalis-Polygonum multiflorum(co-occurrence 184 times).In addition,high frequency medicinal materials such as Platycladus orientalis,Polygonum multiflorum,Zingiber officinale,Angelica sinensis,Panax ginseng and Ligustrum lucidum had high co-occurrence frequency and relatively rich compatibility.CONCLUSION Traditional Chinese medicine hair care cosmetics market is broad,national regulation is becoming standardized increasingly,dosage forms will be richer gradually.The analysis showed that traditional Chinese medicine was widely used in domestic hair care cosmetics.In the future,we will pay attention to the exploration and optimization of the new formula of traditional Chinese medicine in cosmetics,especially to the guidance of traditional Chinese medicine theory,to improve the efficacy evaluation system,to clarify the chemical component s of traditional Chinese medicine and to discuss the mechanism of action.