洞庭湖生态经济区土地生态系统服务价值的时空变化

Temporal and Spatial Changes of Land Ecosystem Service Value in Dongting Lake Ecological Economic Zone

以洞庭湖生态经济区湖南省域2000年、2005年、2010年、2017年遥感解译数据为基础,分析了土地利用程度的时空演变及空间自相关性,用当量因子法从格网层面定量评估生态系统服务价值(ESV)的时空特征。结果表明:1)研究期间,该地区水体、建设用地呈上升势头,除草地面积变化不明显外,其他用地呈下降态势,其中耕地与建设用地面积变化最为剧烈;土地利用程度上,整个区域变化均较小,土地利用程度等级较稳定,并具有显著的逐年减弱的全局空间自相关性。2)区域ESV总值增长2.29×10^8元,呈先升后降再升趋势,2005年上升至最高值4426.62×10^8元;林地和水体ESV所占比例最大,对ESV总量贡献最多的是水文调节和气候调节功能;空间上,洞庭湖区中部为ESV高值区,四水流域及周边为次高值区;从地均ESV来看,沅江市、湘阴县、岳阳县、云溪区最高;人均ESV持续下降,减少2209.41万元/人,但近年来下降速率有所放缓。研究结果对区域土地利用结构的合理调整与优化具有重要的指示作用。

Based on the remote sensing interpretation data of the Dongting Lake Ecological Economic Zone in Hunan province in 2000,2005,2010 and 2017,the spatial and temporal evolution of land use degree and spatial autocorrelation were analyzed.This paper quantitatively evaluated the spatial and temporal characteristics of ecosystem service value(ESV)from the grid level by equivalent factor method.The results show that during the study period,the water body and construction land in the area shows an upward trend.Except for the insignificant change in grassland area,other land uses show a downward trend,of which the area of cultivated land and construction land change the most.In terms of land use extent,the changes in the entire region are small,the level of land use degree is relatively stable,and the global spatial autocorrelation is significantly weakened year by year;and the total regional ESV value increases by 2.29 billion yuan,showing the trend of rising first,then falling and then rising.In 2005,it rises to a maximum of 4,426.62 billion yuan.Forest land and water bodies have the largest proportion of ESV,and the greatest contribution to total ESV is hydrological and climate regulation functions.Spatially,the middle part of the Dongting Lake area is the ESV high-value area,and the Sishui basin and its surroundings are the next highest value area.From the perspective of average ESV,Yuanjiang,Xiangyin,Yueyang and Yunxi rank the highest.Per capita ESV continues to decline,reducing 22.0941 million yuan per person,but the decline rate has slowed down in recent years.The results of the study have an important role in indicating the rational adjustment and optimization of the regional land use structure.