湖羊杜泊羊杂交后代育肥性能和生化免疫指标的研究

Study on Fattening Performance and Biochemical Indexes,Immune Level of Hybrid Progeny F1 and F2 of Hu Sheep×Dorper Sheep

以湖羊为母本,杜泊羊为父本,采用人工授精方法杂交和回交繁育杜湖F1和杜湖F2两代,选择45日龄体况良好的4种类型公羊各15只,经过15 d预饲和75 d正式饲养试验,研究杂交杜湖后代育肥性能、产肉性能、免疫水平等杂交效果。结果表明:杜湖F1和杜湖F2公羔日增重分别比湖羊公羔提高23.47%和24.98%(P<0.05),料重比均显著低于湖羊公羔(P<0.05),但与杜泊羊间均差异不显著(P>0.05);4种肉羊屠宰率和净肉率间均差异不显著(P>0.05),杜湖F1和杜湖F2眼肌面积均显著高于湖羊(P<0.05);杜湖F1和杜湖F2血清总蛋白(TP)含量分别比湖羊提高6.79%和12.03%(P>0.05),杜湖F1尿素氮(BUN)含量比湖羊低25.74%(P<0.05);杜湖F1和杜湖F2生长激素(GH)含量显著高于湖羊(P<0.05),杜湖F1胰岛素样生长因子(IGF)含量显著低于其他3种类型肉羊(P<0.05),胰岛素(INS)含量4组肉羊之间差异均不显著(P>0.05);杜湖F1和杜湖F2总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)含量分别比湖羊提高29.25%和34.23%(P<0.05),杜湖F2总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)和溶菌酶(LZM)分别比湖羊提高21.76%和36.32%(P<0.05);杜湖杂交后代免疫蛋白(Ig A、Ig G和Ig M)均比湖羊高,其中杜湖F2三种免疫蛋白显著高于湖羊(P<0.05)。综上所述,杜湖F1和杜湖F2与湖羊比较,在育肥性能、屠宰效果和免疫指标等方面均有一定杂交优势。

Two generations of F1 and F2 were bred by hybridization and backcross with Hu sheep as mother and Dorper sheep as father(another Dorper sheep in backcross breeding)through artificial insemination.Four types of sheep(15 sheep for each type)with same body condition were compared in fattening effect,meat production performance and immune level during 15 days pre-feeding and 75 days formal feeding experiment.The results showed that average daily weight of F1 and F2 was 23.37% and 24.90% higher than that of Hu sheep,and the feed/weight ratio was about 7.6% lower(P<0.05)than Hu sheep.There were no significant difference between Hybrid progeny(F1 and F2)and Dorper sheep in indexes of average daily weight and feed/weight ratio.There were no significant difference in dressing percent and net muscle percentage among the four types sheep.The Loin eye area of F1 and F2 were more than 3.3% higher than that of Hu sheep(P<0.05).The total serum protein(TP)of hybrid progeny F1 and F2 were 6.79% and 12.03% higher than that of Hu sheep,respectively(P>0.05),and the urea nitrogen(BUN)of F1 was 25.74% lower than that of Hu sheep(P<0.05).The growth hormone(GH)of F1 and F2 were increased by 21.50% more than that of Hu sheep and about 3.79%lower than that of Dorper sheep(P>0.05).The insulin-like growth factor(IGF)of F1 was the lowest(P<0.05),and there were no significant difference in insulin(INS)among four types.The total superoxide dismutase(T-SOD)of F1 and F2 were 29.25%and 34.23% higher than that of Hu sheep(P<0.05),and the total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC)and lysozm(LZM)of F2 were 21.76% and 36.32% higher than that of Hu sheep,respectively(P<0.05).The immune proteins(IGA,IgG and IgM)of hybrid progeny were higher than that of Hu sheep,and the three immune proteins of F2 were 34.0% higher than Hu sheep(P<0.05).In conclusion,hybrid progeny F1 and F2 have more hybrid advantages in fattening performance,dressing effect and immune competence compared with Hu sheep.