具身型混合现实学习环境(EMRLE)的构建与学习活动设计

The Construction and Learning Activities Design of Embodied Mixed-Reality Learning Environments

随着认知科学研究范式由"离身"逐渐转向"具身",人们越来越强烈地意识到身体及其与环境的交互,对学习活动所具有的重要意义和影响。以获得身体体验为宗旨,具身学习鼓励身体感知运动系统的参与以及身体与环境之间的多模态交互,其对学习环境的设计和构建也提出了新的要求。与此同时,近年来,人工智能、混合现实、人机交互等技术的发展,为具身型学习环境的构建及应用提供了很好的技术支撑,特别是混合现实技术所提供的虚实融合、自然交互以及动态生成等功能。具身型混合现实学习环境(Embodied Mixed-Reality Learning Environments,EMRLE)正是在此背景下,以具身认知理论为引领,以混合现实、人工智能、人机交互等技术为支撑,旨在促进具身学习活动的环境设计。通过对EMRLE的缘起背景的梳理,一方面从理论和技术两个维度分析EMRLE的构建目标、基本特征、构建模型以及实现途径;另一方面,结合国际上已有相关研究和应用现状,归纳EMRLE在教育教学实践中的主要形态及其教学活动设计案例,进一步论证分析EMRLE构建的必要性、合理性和技术上的可行性,并且在构建EMRLE基础上设计的具身学习活动,为今后促进教与学形态的创新提供了新思路。

As the research paradigm of cognitive science changes from disembodied to embodied,people realize that the body and its interaction with the environment have an important effect on learning activities more and more intensely.Focus on obtaining physical experience,embodied learning encourages the participation of the body’s sensori-motor system and the multi-modal interaction between the body and the environment,and it puts forward some new requirements for the design and construction of learning environments.At the same time,the development of artificial intelligence,mixed reality,human-computer interaction and other technologies in recent years has provided a good support for the construction and application of embodied learning environments,especially the functions of virtual-real fusion,natural interaction and dynamic generation of the mixed reality.For this reason,we proposed to design embedded mixed-reality learning environments(EMRLE)for supporting and promoting embodied activities by using these technologies and the embodied cognitive theory.Through combing the origin and background of EMRLE,on the one hand,we can analyze the construction goals,basic characteristics,construction models and realization methods of EMRLE from two dimensions of theory and technology;on the other hand,combined with the existing relevant research and application status in the world,the main forms of EMRLE in education and teaching practice and its teaching activity design cases can be summarized to further demonstrate and analyze the necessity,rationality and technical feasibility of EMRLE construction.For this reason,embodied learning activities designed on the basis of building EMRLE also provide new ideas for promoting the innovation of teaching and learning forms.