232例化妆品变应性接触性皮炎患者斑贴试验结果回顾性分析

Retrospective analysis of patch test results in 232 patients with cosmetic allergic contact dermatitis

目的分析232例化妆品变应性接触性皮炎患者斑贴试验结果及临床资料。方法应用标准化妆品斑贴试剂盒检测2018年1月~2020年3月我科232例诊断化妆品变应性接触性皮炎患者的过敏原,分析致敏原及不同致敏部位临床表现之间关联。结果斑贴试验结果显示183例呈现阳性反应,阳性率为78.88%,面部过敏及一般护肤类化妆品引起的过敏最为多见。居前8位的致敏原依次为:甲基异噻唑啉酮、CL+Me-异噻唑、山梨糖醇酐倍半油酸酯、虫胶、硫柳汞、叔丁基氢醌、山梨坦油酸酯和没食子酸辛酯,强阳性反应例数居前两位的是甲基异噻唑啉酮和CL+Me-异噻唑。结论化妆品中防腐剂、乳化剂、抗氧化剂、抗菌剂、香料类等是主要的变应原,斑贴试验可以给过敏人群提供购买化妆品的可靠参考。

Objective The patch test results and clinical data of 232 patients with cosmetic allergic contact dermatitis were analyzed.Methods A standard cosmetic patch kit was used to detect allergens in 232 patients with allergic contact dermatitis in our department from January 2018 to March 2020.The association between the allergens and the clinical manifestations of different allergenic sites was analyzed.Results The results of the patch test showed that 183 cases showed a positive reaction,and the positive rate was 78.88%.Facial allergies and allergies caused by general skin care cosmetics were the most common.The top 8 allergens were:methyl isothiazolinone,CL+Me-isothiazole,sorbitan sesquioleate,shellac,thimerosal,t-butyl hydroquinone,sorbitan oleate and octyl gallate.The top two strong positive cases were methyl isothiazolinone and CL+Me-isothiazole.Conclusion The preservatives,emulsifiers,antioxidants,antibacterial agents,perfumes,etc.in cosmetics are the main allergens.The patch test can provide a reliable reference for people with allergies to purchase cosmetics.