早期护理在早产儿脑损伤中的应用价值及对神经运动发育的影响

Application value of early nursing in brain injury of premature infants and its influence on neuromotor development

目的探讨早产儿脑损伤应用早期护理干预的效果及在神经运动发育的影响。方法选取我院儿科112例于2014年4月~2016年4月收治的早产儿脑损伤患儿进行护理研究,随机均分并设组,依次实施常规护理和早期护理,分为对照组和观察组,各56例,对比两组患儿神经发育行为、24月龄后运动发育情况、aEEG检查结果、早产12个月、出生24个月的脑损伤率、满意度及出生24个月患儿的回访率评估方案的应用价值。结果观察组患儿的原始反射能力、行为能力、主动肌张力、被动肌张力、一般反应能力均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);对照组和观察组早产儿24月龄后运动发育有效率分别为:75.00%、91.07%,观察组早产儿24月龄后运动发育有效率显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组早产患儿出生12个月和24个月的脑损伤率分别为:7.14%、1.79%,对照组早产患儿出生12个月和24个月的脑损伤率分别为:17.86%、14.29%,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组的护理满意度显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组24个月患儿的回访率为98.21%,对照组为78.57%,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论临床对早产儿脑损伤患儿及时对症治疗的同时,配合早期护理干预模式,取得了非常不错的效果,既有效提高了患儿神经及运动发育情况,又降低了脑损伤率,故值得进一步采纳。

Objective To explore the effect of early nursing intervention on the brain injury of premature infants and its influence on neuromotor development.Methods A total of 112 cases of premature infants with brain injury who were treated in the pediatric department of our hospital from April 2014 to April 2016 were selected for nursing study,and they were randomly assigned to groups.The routine care and early care were carried out in turn in the control group and the observation group,with 56 children patients in each group.The neurodevelopmental behavior,motor development after 24 months of age,aEEG test results,brain injury rates of premature infants at 12 months and 24 months of birth,satisfaction,and the application value of the evaluation plan of follow-up visit rate in the children patients at 24 months of age were compared between the two groups.Results The original reflex ability,behavioral ability,active muscle tone,passive muscle tone,and general response ability in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The effective rate of motor development of premature infants in the control group and observation group after 24 months of age were 75.00%and 91.07%.The effective rate of motor development of premature infants in the observation group after 24 months of age was significantly higher than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).In the observation group,the brain injury rates of premature infants at 12 and 24 months of birth were 7.14%and 1.79%.In the control group,the brain injury rates of premature infants at 12 and 24 months of birth were 17.86%and 14.29%.The differences between the groups were statistically significant(P<0.05).The nursing satisfaction in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The follow-up visit rate in the children patients of 24 months of age in the observation group was 98.21%,and that in the control group was 78.57%.The difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The clinical symptomatic treatment of premature infants with brain injury in combination with early nursing intervention model has achieved excellent results.It not only effectively improves the neurological and motor development of children patients,but also reduces the rate of brain injury,which is worthy of further application.