新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情对孕妇心理焦虑状况的影响分析

Analysis of the impact of COVID-19 on psychological anxiety of pregnant women

目的了解新型冠状病毒肺炎(coronavirus disease 2019,COVID-19)疫情时期孕妇心理状况,与非疫情期进行对比分析,评估疫情对孕妇心理状况的影响。方法选取2019年3~4月(非疫情期)和2020年2~3月(疫情期)北京市3家医院门诊就诊的孕妇,非疫情期715例,疫情期756例。采用Zung焦虑自评量表(self-rating anxiety scale,SAS)评估孕妇焦虑状况,并采用多元线性回归分析孕周、胎次、社会人口学信息及是否为传染病病毒携带者等因素对焦虑的影响。结果疫情期孕妇心理焦虑得分低于非疫情期,差异有统计学意义([(41.73±7.17)分比(44.77±5.77)分,P<0.01]。多元线性回归结果显示,疫情期间、孕周和文化程度与孕妇心理焦虑得分之间存在统计学关联,其标准化回归系数分别为-0.19、-0.08和-0.07(P<0.05)。结论COVID-19疫情对孕妇的心理焦虑状况没有影响,居家隔离和医院中产科门诊及病房提供的全方位服务降低了孕妇焦虑情绪。建议继续做好疫情期间的孕妇健康管理工作,为孕期安全提供保障。

Objective To understand the psychological state of pregnant women during the epidemic period of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).Methods A cross-sectional survey design was carried out.A total of 715 pregnant women were selected in three hospitals in Beijing from March to April 2019(the pre-epidemic period),756 cases from February to March 2020(the epidemic period)by convenient sampling method.The psychological stress of pregnant women was assessed by self-rating anxiety scale(SAS),and the anxiety scores were compared between pre-epidemic period and epidemic period.Multiple regression was used to analyze the influence of gestational weeks,parity,social demographic information and whether or not the carrier of infectious diseases on anxiety score.Results The score of psychological anxiety in epidemic period was significantly lower than that in pre-epidemic period[(41.73±7.17)vs.(44.77±5.77),P<0.01].The results of multiple regression indicated there were statistical correlations between epidemic,gestational weeks and educational level and the score of SAS in pregnant women.The standardized regression coefficients were-0.19,-0.08 and-0.07(P<0.05).Conclu⁃sions COVID-19 has no effect on the psychological anxiety of pregnant women,maybe home isolation and the comprehensive services provided by the hospital reduce the anxiety of pregnant women.It is suggests that the health management of pregnant women during epidemic period should be further improved to ensure the safety.