环状RNA在心脏疾病中的研究现状

Research status of circular RNA in cardiac disease

环状RNA(circRNAs)是一类带有环状结构的RNA,具有高度的保守性和稳定性,近几年越来越受到人们的重视。相对于线性RNA而言,circRNAs可以通过5’端和3’端的反向剪切,形成共价闭合的环状结构,因此对核糖核酸外切酶更加稳定。CircRNAs主要是通过海绵吸附其他基因的方式发挥作用。研究发现,circRNAs在众多疾病中差异表达,提示其可能参与了疾病的发生及发展过程。实验证明,circRNAs在心脏疾病中发挥重要作用。本文系统阐述了circRNAs的来源、作用的方式以及在心脏疾病中的重要作用机制。

Circular RNAs(circRNAs) as a kind of RNA with a circular structure, have a high degree of conservation and stability, and have received more and more attention in recent years. The circRNAs are reverse-sheared at the 5’ and 3’ ends to form a covalently closed circular structure that is more stable to RNA exonuclease than linear RNAs. The way in which the circRNAs’ functions is mainly through the adsorption of other genes by the sponge. Studies have found that circRNAs are differentially expressed in diseases and participated in the occurrence and development of diseases. It has been proved that circRNAs play an important role in cardiac disease. In this review, we describe the source of circRNAs, the way it works, and its role in the cardiac disease.