澜沧江-湄公河流域洪水灾害防治合作回顾及建议

Reviews of the national cooperation of flood disaster risk reduction in the Lancang-Mekong river basin

澜沧江-湄公河流域作为共商共建"一带一路"的重要平台,是亚洲乃至全世界最具发展潜力的地区之一,但也是洪水灾害高风险区,洪水灾害常给域内多个国家造成巨大经济损失和人口伤亡。由于区域内各国水利基础设施投入差异较大、各国防洪减灾意识与经验参差不齐等因素,亟需完善区域洪水灾害防治合作机制,协调上中下游国家共同治理洪水灾害。回顾了澜湄流域洪水灾害防治合作进展——湄公河下游4国合作起步阶段、湄公河下游4国合作初步发展、中国积极参与转向引领的全流域合作阶段;针对域内国家在联合防洪合作工作中的差异,提出对策建议和展望,旨在完善覆盖全流域、协调域内国家多层级不同利益诉求的合作机制,有效应对洪水灾害风险,助力实现流域可持续发展。

As an important international river in Indo-china Peninsula,the Lancang-Mekong river flows past one of the most promising regions in Asia and the world.However,it is also an area with a high risk of flood disasters,which often brings about huge economic losses and human casualties in the basin countries.Due to the large differences in the water infrastructure investment and the different national awareness and experiences in the flood disaster reduction,it is necessary to enhance the regional cooperation for the flood disaster risk management among basin countries.This paper reviews the progress of the collaboration with respect to the flood disaster risk reduction in the Lancang-Mekong river basin in three phases.On this basis,some suggestions are proposed in view of the different efforts in the collaboration with respect to the flood disaster risk reduction among stakeholders,to improve the cooperation mechanism and effectively deal with the flood related issues in the Langcang-Mekong river basin for sustainable development.