ADHD系统式执行技能训练中的父亲参与现况及影响因素

The father’s involvement in ADHD systemic executive skill training:A qualitative research

为探讨注意缺陷与多动障碍(ADHD)系统式执行技能训练中父亲参与的现况和影响因素,选取参与ADHD系统式执行技能训练的9个家庭,通过半定式访谈评估父亲参与的现况和影响因素,结合治疗前后ADHD评定量表以及父母养育量表变化进行分析。结果表明,父亲参与态度包含动机和期待2个维度,动机维度包括内部动机(需要学习育儿方法)和外部动机(症状影响学业,父母教育观念分歧,不良亲子关系),期待维度包括希望缓解ADHD症状、改善儿童情绪;父亲参与行动包括既往求助(包括学习相关知识、陪同就诊咨询),和当前参与治疗(参与度中位数90.7%)。父亲参与的影响因素包括启动因素和维持因素,其中启动因素包括个人因素(父亲的精神状况、对疾病的认知、责任感),家庭因素(母亲的要求),社会因素(机构专业性、专业人员的建议、学校及他人的建议),维持因素包括治疗效果和治疗形式。

To preliminarily explore the current status and the influencing factors for the father’s involvement in the ADHD systematic execution skill training,9 families are selected in the program of the ADHD systemic execution skills training.The ADHD-IV scale is adopted to assess the change of the symptoms,and the Parental Rearing Style Scale is adopted to evaluate the rearing style changes,and the qualitative interviews are used to identify the father’s involvement.The father’s involvement attitude includes learning parenting methods,improving symptoms that affect academics,resolving family education differences,improving parent-child relationship,expecting training to relieve ADHD symptoms,and improving children’s emotions.The father’s involvement actions include past help-seeking(getting disease relative information,accompanying consultation),and current participating behavior(attendance to the training,with the median participation rate of 90.7%).Influencing factors of the father’s involvement include:individual level(father’s mental status,the knowledge of disease,the responsibility),family level(mother’s requirement),society level(institutional professionalism,practioners’professionalism,suggestions from school and other relevant institutions).This study explores the father’s involvement in the ADHD systematic executive skill training,provides a guidance on how to improve the father’s participation in the ADHD treatment in the future,and provides some empirical evidences to promote the father’s participation in the treatment of children with chronic disorders.