母体糖尿病致胎儿神经管畸形研究进展

Research progress of fetal neural tube defects caused by maternal diabetes

神经管畸形(neural tube defects,NTDs)是在胚胎发育期间由于神经管闭合不全导致的一种严重的先天畸形。流行病学与动物实验均已证明,怀孕期间母体高血糖可增加胎儿神经管畸形风险。目前,对于母体糖尿病引起NTDs的发病机制没有明确的定论。本文综合了近年来国内外有关母体糖尿病引起NTDs的研究。从表观遗传、氧化应激、内质网应激等方面对其发病机制进行了阐述。

Neural tube defects(NTDs)are serious congenital malformations caused by incomplete neural tube closure during embryonic development.Epidemiological investigations and animal experiment have shown that persistent hyperglycemia during pregnancy can increase the risk of fetal neural tube defects.At present,there is no clear conclusion on the pathogenesis of NTDs caused by maternal diabetes.This review summarized the domestic and foreign researches about the NTDs caused by maternal diabetes in recent years,and described its mechanism from the perspectives of epigenetics,oxidative stress,endoplasmic reticulum stress,etc.