论大慧宗杲的休闲智慧和休闲人格

Dahui Zonggao's Wisdom and Personality of Leisure

南宋高僧宗杲具有丰富的休闲智慧和高尚的休闲人格。在休闲本体方面,他认为“闲”才是宇宙万物的本质面貌,反对众生无智慧地恋着尘劳之事并以此为乐;在休闲工夫方面,他认为“看话禅”工夫和村歌社舞活动是获取休闲的重要途径;在休闲境界方面,他所倡导的看透生死是一种超越性的休闲境界;他的休闲伦理观既反对求富贵而失自由,又反对放逸而为乐所困。宗杲推崇“幽闲”“自在”的休闲人格,时人亦以休闲人格相赞。

Dahui Zonggao,an influential monk in the Southern Song dynasty,has a wealth of wisdom and personality of leisure.On the essence of leisure,he points out that leisure is the nature of all things in the universe,and he is against common people taking toil as happiness.On the approach of leisure,he advocates"Kanhuachan",a form of Buddhist meditation,and rural music as important leisure methods.His seeing through life and death shows transcendental attitude of leisure.His leisure ethics,on one hand,opposes seeking wealth and losing freedom,and on the other hand,is also against indulgence in leisure.He advocates the personality of leisure and is widely praised for his leisure personality.