光电离质谱技术快速采样研究自然抽吸卷烟烟气的口腔残留

Rapid Analysis of Mouth Retention in Cigarette Smoke During Nature Smoking by On-Line Photoionization Mass Spectrometry

建立了一套烟气抽吸采样系统,结合光电离飞行时间质谱,实时、在线分析不同抽吸者在自然抽吸卷烟过程中卷烟烟气气相化学成分的口腔残留。利用毛细管负压对吸烟者吸入和呼出口腔的烟气气相成分取样,直接引入至光电离质谱腔中进行电离、分析。对5种烤烟型卷烟样品中选取的醛酮类、苯酚、甲硫醇、氮杂环类以及不饱和碳氢化合物等14种化学成分进行不同抽吸者口腔残留测试。结果表明,烟气在口腔中停留2 s时,3种类型抽吸习惯(浅度烟龄、中度烟龄和重度烟龄)的7名人员口腔中残留效率大致分为3类,醛酮类属于口腔高残留化合物,苯酚、甲硫醇和氮杂环类属于中等残留化合物,而不饱和碳氢化合物属于相对较低残留化合物。这种直接从吸烟者抽吸过程取样分析的方式,能够真实反映吸烟者在自然抽吸过程口腔中烟气的残留情况。

Measurement of the retention of cigarette smoke components in the human mouth is very important for evaluating smoking-related diseases.A newly developed rapid sampling design approach based on vacuum ultraviolet photoionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry(VUV-PI-TOF MS)was described and a cigarette smoke smoking system was applied for the online mouth retention study of gaseous mainstream cigarette smoke components during natural smoking.To determine the amounts of smoke constituents,the cigarette smoke inhaled or exhaled by subjects was directly introduced into the vacuum chamber through the heated fused silica capillaries,photoionized and analyzed with a TOF mass spectrometer without any tedious collection and pretreatment procedures.According to the 14 selected species in mainstream cigarette smoke,mouth retention of 7 adult male smokers were studied,who smoked cigarette according to 3 predefined smoking patterns:no inhalation(pattern A),normal inhalation(pattern B)and deep inhalation(pattern C).The results showed that after 2 s holding time,the 14 cigarette species mouth retention level in 7 subjects of 3 smoking patterns could be attributed to three categories:aldehyde ketone constituents performed high mouth retention;methanethiol,phenol and nitrogen heterocyclic compounds performed medium mouth retention,while the retention of unsaturated hydrocarbons was relatively low.The differences in the retention between different constituents could be interpreted in terms of each constituent’s physical properties such as volatility and solubility.Furthermore,for 5 different Virginia type cigarettes products,these selected constituents that retained in human mouths of 3 different smoking patterns were all followed the same trend.In conclusion,this new sampling design approach can offer the accurate mouth retention of selected mainstream smoke constituents for smokers during the natural smoking process by themselves,and can provide a basis analysis tool for further study of the retention of smoke constituents in the human respiratory tract.