天然植物提取复方制剂对断奶仔猪生长性能、营养物质表观消化率及免疫力的影响

Effect of natural plant extract compound preparation on growth performance, nutrient apparent digestibility and immunity of weaned piglets

试验旨在研究由黄芪、杜仲、金银花和苦木等天然植物提取物为主要成分的复方制剂替代抗生素对断奶仔猪生长性能、营养物质表观消化率及免疫机能的影响,确定其在断奶仔猪饲粮应用中的适宜添加量。试验选用28日龄"杜长大"杂交断奶仔猪225头,随机分为5个组,每组5个重复,每个重复9头猪。试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加300、400、500、600 g/t复方制剂的饲粮,对照组饲喂在基础饲粮中添加土霉素钙250 g/t+维吉尼亚霉素50 g/t的饲粮。预试期5 d,正式试验期28 d。结果表明:与对照组相比,试验Ⅲ组平均日采食量、平均日增重极显著提高(P<0.01),料重比极显著降低(P<0.01)。与对照组相比,各试验组腹泻频率极显著降低(P<0.01),且试验Ⅲ组腹泻指数最低。与对照组相比,试验Ⅲ组的能量、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、粗纤维、总钙和总磷表观消化率均极显著提高(P<0.01)。试验Ⅲ组IgG、IgA、IgM均极显著高于对照组(P<0.01);试验Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组白细胞介素-2、白细胞介素-4均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),与试验Ⅰ组差异不显著(P>0.05),但有上升趋势;试验Ⅲ组总蛋白、白蛋白和肿瘤坏死因子-α均极显著高于其他各组(P<0.01);各组间补体C3、补体C4和干扰素-γ无显著差异(P>0.05),但与对照组相比,试验组均呈上升趋势。综上所述,饲粮中添加适量的植物提取复方制剂具有替代抗生素,促进动物生长,改善动物健康状态的作用,适宜添加量为500 g/t。

The experiment was to study the effect of natural plants extracted compound preparation(astragalus root,eucommia bark,honeysuckle and quassic natural plant extracts as the main ingredients)to replace antibiotic on growth performance,nutrient apparent digestibility and immunity in weaned piglets and determine appropriate adding amount.A total of 225 Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire piglets weaned at 28 d were randomly divided into five groups with five replicates each and nine piglets per replicate.The experimental group were fed with 300,400,500,600 g/t compound preparations,and the control group was fed with calcium oxytetracycline 250 g/t+virginia mycin 50 g/t.The pretest period was 5 d,and the trial period was 28 d.Experimental results showed that compared with the control group,the average daily feed intake,average daily gain were extremely increased(P<0.01),and the feed to weight ratio was extremely decreased(P<0.01).Compared with the control group,the diarrhea frequency in the test groupⅠ,Ⅱ,ⅢandⅣwere extremely decreased(P<0.01),and the test groupⅢhad the lowest diarrhea index.The levels of IgG,IgA and IgM in the test groupⅢwere significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.01).The levels of IL-2 and IL-4 in the groupⅡ,ⅢandⅣwere significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05),there was no significant difference with the experimental group I(P>0.05),but there was an upward trend.The TNF-αin the test groupⅢwas significantly higher than the other groups(P<0.01).There was no significant difference in complement C3,complement C4 and interferon-γbetween the groups(P>0.05),but compared with the control group,the experimental group showed an upward trend.Compared with the control group,the apparent digestibility of energy,protein,crude fat,crude fiber,total calcium and total phosphorus in the test groupⅢwas significantly increased(P<0.01).Therefore,the natural plants extracted compound preparation can replace antibiotics,promote animal growth and improve animal health and the appropriate addition is 500 g/t.