猪粪中添加不同比例花生麸对黑水虻幼虫生长性能的影响

Effect of different ratios of peanut bran on growth performance of the larvae of Hermetia illucens

试验在猪粪中添加不同比例的花生麸,设计不同营养梯度的培养料,观测黑水虻的饲养效果,筛选出适宜的配比,为完善基于猪粪资源化利用的农牧循环体系提供参考。试验设计花生麸0%、10%、20%、30%、40%、100%与育肥猪粪6个组合,每组3个重复。每组接种4日龄黑水虻初孵幼虫0.3 g入不同营养梯度培养料的塑料盒中,每组一次性添加3 kg(干物质)培养料,当虫盒内幼虫约一半变态成为黑色预蛹时结束试验。测定幼虫增重、虫数量、残渣重等,测定分析有机质、粗蛋白、粗脂肪在虫沙和虫体中的分布。结果表明:随着花生麸添加比例的增加,黑水虻幼虫生长发育加快,高营养水平对黑水虻幼虫的生长有利;虫沙中有机质、粗蛋白、粗脂肪等营养指标比原培养料均有降低,粗脂肪降幅最大,说明黑水虻对脂肪的利用率很高(约90%);单从饲养效果来看,在育肥猪粪中添加30%花生麸组适宜,效果与效益结合分析,添加10%的花生麸性价比较高。试验表明,培养料营养水平越高,黑水虻生长性能越好。猪粪中添加10%花生麸养殖黑水虻幼虫投入产出比较佳,值得推广应用。

In the study,the larvae of Hermetia illucens were used to treat different nutrient gradient feeds by adding peanut bran to the manure and the best combination of feeds with the highest cost-performance ratio was screened out and to provide reference for improving the recycling system of agriculture and animal husbandry based on pig manure resource utilization.Following the principle of single factor randomization,the larvae of 4-day-old H.illucens,which were hatched in the same batch,were inoculated into plastic insect boxes containing different nutrient gradient cultures.Each group was inoculated with 0.3 g of newly hatched larvae.Peanut bran were used to mix with fat pig manure at the ratios of 0%,10%,20%,30%,40%and 100%.There were six experimental groups with three replicates in each group.The experiment was conducted in a one-time feeding mode.Each experimental group was fed with 3 kg of dry matter.When about half of the larvae in the insect box metamorphosed into black prepupae,the experiment was completed.The results showed that the higher the nutrient gradient of the culture medium,the better the growth performance of H.illucens.The nutrient indices of organic matter,crude protein and crude fat in insect sand were lower than those in the original medium,especially crude fat.The crude fat content in insect sand was very low,indicating that the absorption effect of H.illucens on fat was very high(about 90%).Only from the point of view of feeding effect,adding 30%peanut bran to fatten pig manure was suitable.The combination of effect and benefit analysis showed that adding 10%peanut bran had the higher cost performance.It was concluded that the higher the nutrient gradient of the culture medium,the better the growth performance of H.illucens.The feeding effect and economic benefit of adding 10%peanut bran meal in pig manure is the best,which is worthy of popularization and application.