不同纤维源饲粮对四川白鹅肠道微生物菌群结构的影响

Effects of different dietary fiber sources on intestinal microflora structure of Sichuan white goose

选取体况健康、体质量相近的1日龄四川白鹅120只,随机分为4组,每个处理3个重复,每个重复10只鹅,分别饲喂含苜蓿、黑麦、燕麦和花生秧的饲粮,试验持续时间为70 d,应用高通量测序法对鹅肠道微生物菌群进行测序并分析。结果显示,四川白鹅70日龄体质量和平均日增体质量在不同纤维源饲粮组间差异显著(P<0.05),其中苜蓿组显著高于黑麦组(P<0.05),与燕麦组和花生秧组无显著性差异(P>0.05),而黑麦组、燕麦组和花生秧组之间差异均不显著(P>0.05);样本测序共得到877个OTUs(苜蓿组:583;黑麦组:478;燕麦组:470;花生秧组:443);不同纤维源饲粮组间微生物菌群多样性无显著性差异(P>0.05),其中Chao和Ace指数为苜蓿组>花生秧组>黑麦组>燕麦组,Shannon指数为花生秧组>苜蓿组>黑麦组>燕麦组;细菌分类上来看,苜蓿组属于14门138个属,黑麦组属于15门127个属,燕麦组属于14门124个属,花生秧组属于12门126个属,其中12门108个属为共有细菌;PCA和PCoA分析均显示PC1+PC2>50%;共有优势菌(Lentisphaerae、Alistipes、Shuttleworthia、Slackia、Eubacterium coprostanoligenes、Bacteroides、Faecalibacterium、Megamonas和Subdoligranulum)在不同纤维源饲粮组间丰度差异显著(P<0.05)。结果提示,不同纤维源饲粮通过改变微生物菌群结构和部分菌群的丰度来影响四川白鹅的生长性能。

120 Sichuan white geese with health and similar body weight of 1-day-old were randomly divided into 4 groups,3 replicates in each group with 10 geese,and separately fed with alfalfa,rye,oat and peanut dietary,the feeding experiment lasted 70 days,and then using high-throughput sequencing method for analysis of goose intestinal microflora.The results showed that the weight and average daily gain of Sichuan white goose at 70-day-old were significantly different among different fiber source dietary(P<0.05),among which the alfalfa group was significantly higher than the rye group(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference between the oat and the peanut group(P>0.05),while there was no significant difference among the rye,oat and peanut group(P>0.05).A total of 877 OTUs were obtained from sample(alfalfa:583;rye:478;oat:470;peanut:443).There was no significant difference on the diversity of microflora among different fiber source dietary(P>0.05),the Chao and Ace indexes were alfalfa>peanut>rye>oat group,and Shannon indexes were peanut>alfalfa>rye>oat group.In terms of bacteria classification,alfalfa group belongs to 14 phylums 138 genera,rye group belongs to 15 phylums 127 genera,oat group belongs to 14 phylums 124 genera,peanut group belongs to 12 phylums 126 genera,among which common bacteria belong to 12 phylums 108 genera.PCA and PCoA analysis showed that PC1+PC2>50%.The abundance of the dominant bacteria(Lentisphaerae,Alistipes,Shuttleworthia,Slackia,Eubacterium coprostanoligenes,Bacteroides,Faecalibacterium bacterium,Megamonas and Subdoligranulum)was significantly different among different fiber source dietary(P<0.05).The results suggested that different fiber source dietary affects the growth performance of Sichuan white goose by changing the microflora structure and the abundance of some flora.