钱大昕《潜研堂集》再探一则——兼论明代的“龙凤正朔”问题

On Qian Daxin's Qianyantang Collection--Also on the Issue of Longfengzhengshuo in Ming Dynasty

钱大昕在《潜研堂集》中提出"明不避龙凤正朔"说,认为明代对韩林儿政权的龙凤正朔并不避讳,进而认为"亦可见太祖之不忍显背伪宋矣"。但通过对明季史料的爬梳可以发现,《明实录》中对龙凤正朔是存在避讳的,朱元璋对韩林儿政权的态度也是不承认其正统性、掩盖自己曾参与韩林儿义军的史实。《明史》中出现龙凤正朔所反映的是万斯同等修撰者的态度,并不能反映明季的历史真实。

Qian Daxin puts forward the theory of"Ming Dynasty does not avoid the reign title longfengzhengshuo"in Qianyantang Collection.He believes that the Ming Dynasty does not avoid the reign title longfengzhengshuo of Han Liner,and further believes that“it is also obvious that Zhu Yuanzhang cannot bear to betray the regime of Han Liner directly”.However,by studying the historical materials of Ming Dynasty,we can find that there exist taboos about Longfengzhengshuo in Ming Shi Lu,and Zhu Yuanzhan also refuses to recognize the legitimacy of the regime of Han Liner and covers up the historical facts that he once participated in the rebel army of Han Liner.The appearance of Longfengzhengshuo in The Ming History reflects the attitude of Wan Sitong and other compilers,but cannot reflect the historical truth of Ming Dynasty.