物业专项维修资金管理困境与管理模式研究——以广州市老旧小区为例

Research on the management dilemma and management mode of dwelling special maintenance fund:Take old communities in Guangzhou as example

物业专项维修资金作为一种准公共物品,容易陷入惜用和滥用的双重管理困境。基于"反公地悲剧"理论视角,运用广州市老旧小区物业专项维修资金调查数据,分析了物业维修资金制度的运行情况,研究了其管理困境及成因。在此基础上,采用mlogit模型分析了业主职业地位、小区类型、业主委员会运作效果对政府部门代管和业主委员会自管两种物业维修资金管理模式的影响。结果显示,业主工作单位类型、住宅小区类型、房屋竣工年份、业主委员会运作效果对管理模式影响显著。因此,应明确小区共用部位产权归属,成立有广泛代表性的业主组织,建立规范的运作机制,以较为有效地促进物业维修资金管理走上规范化轨道。

As the quasi-public goods,the dwelling special maintenance fund is easy to fall into a management dilemma that either cherished or abused.From the tragedy of anti-commons perspective,this article uses dwelling special maintenance fund survey data of old communities in Guangzhou,to analyze the operation situation of dwelling special maintenance fund,and study its management dilemma as well as related causing reasons.On the basis of this,the article adopts mlogit model to analyze the impact of owner’s occupation,type of community property and owner committee’s operation situation,to different management modes of dwelling special maintenance fund.Research shows that different type of owner’s work unit,different community property types,the year of building completion and owner committee’s operation situation have significant impact on dwelling special maintenance fund’s management mode.The article put forwards that clarify the ownership of public areas in residential district,found an extensive representative owner committee with normative operation mechanism,could normalize the usage of dwelling special maintenance fund effectively.