恐怖主义的刑法规范识别

On the Identification of Terrorism in Criminal Law

数据和历史使人们产生了对恐怖主义现存、直接的经验。这一感性认知驱动着刑法,加剧对恐怖活动犯罪的制裁,因此产生了法律工具主义的风险。要遏制这种风险就需要在理性层面揭示出恐怖主义的概念。恐怖主义本质上是一种思维,形成于本国的历史文化环境,在中国表现出分裂主义与宗教极端主义相结合的思维系统,于是在意志的实践层面体现出一种表演性暴力的现实。这种现实是揭示恐怖主义思维的关键,因此需要在犯罪构成要件的意义上进行表达。因为目的是思维的定在,所以构成要件将目的予以揭示才能将犯罪思维表征出来。唯有通过短缩二行为犯的立法模式,针对恐怖主义的理性识别方法才能贯彻到司法实践中去。

Data and history have produced an existing and direct experience of terrorism. This perceptual cognition drives the criminal law to aggravate the sanctions against terrorist activities,thus creating the risk of legal instrumentalism. If we want to control this kind of risk,we need to reveal the concept of terrorism on a rational level. Terrorism is essentially a kind of thinking,formed in the historical and cultural environment of the country,and shows a system of thinking that combines separatism with religious extreme thought in China. Thus,in the practice level of the will,a reality of performing violence is embodied. This kind of reality is the key to revealing the thinking of terrorism,so it needs to be expressed in the constituent elements of crimes. Because the purpose is to set the mind,it is necessary to reveal the purpose in the constituent elements to characterize the criminal thinking. Only through the legislative model of verkuemmert zweiaktige delikte,the rational identification method of terrorism can be implemented in judicial practice.