超低出生体质量儿及超未成熟儿的临床特点及预后影响因素分析

Clinical characteristics and prognosis of ultra-low birth weight and superimmature infant

目的收集本院超低出生体质量儿和超未成熟儿的临床资料,分析患儿的临床特点及其预后影响因素。方法本研究收集2013年1月至2017年12月生后24 h内收入珠海市妇幼保健院新生儿重症监护室的超低出生体质量儿和超未成熟儿的一般情况、围产期资料、疾病诊断、治疗和预后等临床资料进行性回顾性分析,总结患儿的临床特点及预后影响因素。结果70例超低出生体质量儿和超未成熟儿中,33例(47.14%)放弃抢救治疗或治疗无效后死亡,37例(52.86%)存活。存活组和死亡组患儿的胎龄、出生体质量、1 min Apgar评分、5 min Apgar评分比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);其他围生期相关因素比较差异均无统计学意义;死亡组患儿的支气管肺发育不良以及早产儿视网膜病变发生率均明显高于存活组(P<0.05),其他主要并发症发生率比较差异均无统计学意义。结论超低出生体质量儿和超未成熟儿不同患儿预后的体质量、胎龄、Apgar评分,以及患儿的支气管肺发育不良、反复呼吸暂停、动脉导管未闭、早产儿视网膜病变及脑室内出血均会对患儿的生存或者死亡产生影响,临床应予以高度重视和关注。

Objective To collect the clinical data of ultra-low birth weight infants and super-mature infants in our hospital,and to analyze the clinical characteristics and prognostic factors of the infants.Methods This study collected the general situation and perinatal period of ultra-low birth weight infants and super-immature infants who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of Zhuhai Maternal and Child Health Hospital within 24 hours after birth from January 2013 to December 2017.The clinical data of the data,disease diagnosis,treatment and prognosis were retrospectively analyzed,and the clinical characteristics and prognostic factors of the infants were summarized.Results Of the 70 cases of ultra-low birth weight infants and super immature children,33(47.14%)died after giving up rescue treatment or treatment failure,37(52.86%)cases were cured.There were significant differences in gestational age,birth weight,1 min Apgar score and 5 min Apgar score between the survival group and the death group(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in other perinatal factors.The incidence of the infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia and retinopathy of prematurity was significantly higher in the death group than in the survival group(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference in the incidence of other major complications.Conclusion Survival and death of ultra-low birth weight infants and super-mature infants are closely related to birth weight,gestational age,Apgar score,bronchial dysplasia and retinopathy of prematurity,and should be highly valued and paid attention to in clinical practice.