中国语境下行政主体概念规范认识危机:反思与重构

On Crisis of Paradigm of the Concept of Administrative Subject in Chinese Context:Reflection and Reconstruction

行政主体概念规范认识问题是行政法学体系化的一个元问题。中国语境下行政主体概念规范认识危机是指衍生于西方语境已成“规范性”的行政主体概念无法有效回应解释其所依附的公共行政现实结构变化的一种认知解体状态。产生这一危机的法之通理在于概念的功能与功效混淆、封闭与开放的内在结构割裂、所承载的工具理性与价值理性辩证关系误解及构造方法上民法技术迁入的融贯性缺失;法之殊理在于:中西概念功效上“分”与“合”的价值期待,建构原点上国家机关与国家的独立公法地位选择,公共行政体制上党政关系差异的三重悖论。化解这一危机的路径在于重构行政主体概念的本土化规范认识框架。

The question of paradigm of the concept of administrative subject is a meta-problem of the systematization of administrative jurisprudence.The crisis of paradigm of the concept of administrative subject in Chinese context means a state of cognitive disintegration that the concept of administrative subject derived from Western context,which has become“normative”,cannot be an effective interpretation of,or response to,the change of the real structure of public administration of China to which it is attached.The general principle of law that caused this crisis is the confusion of the Funktion and Leistung of the concept,the slit of the internal structure of the cognitive openness and system-operation closure of the concept,the misapprehension of the dialectical relations between the instrumental reason and the value reason carried by the concept,and the lack of integrity of civil-law-techniques transplantation in construction method of the concept;the special principle of law that caused this crisis is three paradoxes between the concept of administrative subject in Chinese context and in Western context,which are paradox of the value expectation of“division”and“integration”in Leistung of the concept,paradox of the choice of independent public law status of state organs or state at the concept construction-design origin,and paradox of the differences in the relations between Ruling-party and the government on public administration system.The way to defuse this crisis of it is to reconstruct the theoretical framework of indigenization which conforms to the realistic structure of public administration with Chinese characteristics.