国外高校学术规范:研究领域、实践探索与经验借鉴

Research on Study Areas,Practical Explorations and Experience Borrowing of Academic Norms at Overseas Universities

学术规范是学术界根据学术发展规律及要求而统一制定的具有约束性的一系列学术准则和规章制度,其囊括道德、法律、技术、制度四方面规范内容。国外高校学术规范研究主要集中在内容理论、社会价值、技术操作、规范群体、教育责任、惩处限制等方面,为完善学术规范内涵、细化学术规范标准、健全学术规范机制、营造高校学术氛围等提供充足的理论支撑。借鉴国外高校学术规范研究经验,我国应从学术规范概念体系、学术规范条例制定、高校教育责任意识、学术规范研究推进模式、“学术本位”研究理念、学术规范监督机构、学术规范激励与约束机制等方面不断完善高校学术规范制度,从而为新时代教育现代化背景下高校学术规范的科学化管理模式提供保障.

Academic norms are a set of binding academic norms and rules and regulations that are uniformly formulated by the academic community according to the laws and requirements of academic development,which include moral,legal,technical,and institutional norms.Foreign scholars’ research on academic norms mainly focuses on content theory,social value,technical operation,normative groups,educational responsibility,and punishment restrictions.The main purpose of their research is to provide sufficient theoretical support for improving the content of academic norms,refining academic norm standards,improving academic norm mechanisms,and creating an academic atmosphere in universities.In terms of learning from foreign universities’ academic norms research experience,the author of this paper points out that China should continuously improve the academic norms system of colleges and universities in order to provide a guarantee for the scientific management model of academic norms of colleges and universities in the context of modern education.Among them,the main aspects involved are:the academic norm concept system,the establishment of academic norms and regulations,the consciousness of university education responsibility,the academic norm research promotion model,the "academic standard" research concept,the academic norm supervision institution,the academic norm incentive and restraint mechanism.