"平刺"与"平针"术语考辨

Differentiate and analyses between the term"horizontal insertion of needle"and relative terms

《中医学药名词》以"平刺"为规范名,以"横刺""沿皮刺"为又称,释义为:"针体与腧穴皮肤约呈15°左右角度刺入的方法"。考察多种古代文献可知,这一释义与"横刺""沿皮刺"是相符的,"直针刺""卧针刺""横针""横刺""沿皮刺""地平刺""皮下刺"都是同义词。而"平刺"在首见文献《扁鹊神应针灸玉龙经》中的含义却与此释义根本不同,是指进针后以达到得气为主而不分补泻的方法,即后世平补平泻法的雏形,与针刺角度毫不相干。所以,将"平刺"作为"横刺""沿皮刺"的规范词值得商榷。在实际使用中当注意"平刺"及相关术语的正确应用,避免失误。

In Terminology of Chinese medicine,as a canonical name,also known as"hengci"or"yanpici","pingci"(horizontal insertion of needle)was explained that the needling method which the body of needle and the acupoint skin about 15 angle.Through literature study,this explanation was found that correspond to hengci and yanpici,and the other terms such as"zhizhenci","wozhenci","hengzhen","hengci","yanpici","pingzhenci"and"pixiaci"are all synonyms.However,the primary meaning of canonical name pingci in original document-Bianque Shenying Zhenjiu Yulong Jing(扁鹊神应针灸玉龙经,The Jade Dragon Manual of Bianque on the Spirited Response of Acupuncture and Moxibustion)was completely different with the modern explanation,it means that after insertion of needles without considering reinforcing or reducing methods,only thought about"deqi",which was the even reinforcing-reducing method in embryo,and had nothing to do with the angle of the needles.Therefore,it is worth discussing that"pingci"and its corresponding or relative terms carefully in practice.