云南芥菜型油菜资源品质及苗期耐旱性评价

Quality characteristics and drought tolerance evaluation of Brassica juncea in Yunnan Province

为研究芥菜型油菜的耐旱性,对150份云南芥菜型油菜地方品种的品质及苗期不同干旱程度下植株地上及地下部进行研究。结果表明,参试芥菜型油菜耐旱性总体表现较好,品质变异丰富,其中油酸、芥酸变异系数大于1,依据品质性状参试品种大致聚为三类;中度及重度干旱均能显著影响油菜地上部及根系的生长,其中对根系影响更大;各品质性状与耐旱性相关分析表明,中度干旱条件下,耐旱性与含油量及芥酸、花生烯酸2种极长链脂肪酸呈显著正相关,与5种长链脂肪酸硬脂酸、棕榈酸、油酸、亚油酸、亚麻酸为显著负相关,而重度干旱条件下均不相关,同一品种在不同程度干旱下其耐旱性有差别;含油量与极长链脂肪酸呈显著正相关,与长链脂肪酸及蛋白含量呈显著负相关,极长链脂肪酸与长链脂肪酸间呈极显著负相关。共筛出8个综合耐旱性强的材料。

To study the drought tolerance of Brassica juncea, quality of 150 local varieties of B. juncea was investigated in Yunnan Province. The aboveground and underground parts of the plants were studied under drought stress with different degrees. Results showed that B. juncea was tolerant to drought, and had wide range of quality variations. The variation coefficient of oleic acid and erucic acid was more than 1, and the varieties tested were roughly grouped into 3 categories according to quality characteristics. The medium and severe drought could significantly affect growth of shoot and root system, especially the root system. Under medium drought, drought tolerance had significant positive correlations with oil content and extremely long fatty acids(erucic acid and arachidonic acid), but had significant negative correlation with 5 long-chain fatty acids(stearic acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid and linolenic acid). Under severe drought condition, drought tolerance had no relevance with quality traits. Meanwhile, drought resistance of the same variety was different under different degree of drought. Oil content had extremely significant positive correlation with long chain fatty acids. The oil content was negatively correlated with the content of long chain fatty acids and protein. The very long chain fatty acids had a significant negative correlation with long chain fatty acids. Eight varieties with strong comprehensive drought resistance were screened out.