野外尸体的法医学检验

Forensic Autopsy on the Field Corpse

野外尸体现场在法医实践中较多见,其分布广泛,形式多样,多数案情简单且尸源不明,有的经历时间较长,加上雨雪风暴等自然气候的变化和昆虫、动物、船只等对尸体、现场的破坏,在个体识别、确定死亡原因、判断案件性质及推断死亡时间等方面存在较大困难,需根据尸检结果,结合案件调查、现场勘查和其他辅助检查等综合判断。野外现场的尸体有其自身的特点和检验方法,本文结合6个实际案例来初步分析此类案件的法医学检验方法,供同行参考。

Field corpse is often found in the forensic case scene.Usually,huge difficulties are always imposed into such cases relating to personal identity recognition,death cause definition,case fact judgement and postmortem interval examination because many influential factors would make things worse:the site-wide and/or form-various corpses,rare case clue and/or cadavers of unknown source,plus the devastation to the scene and corpse that might result from long elapsing time,climate undulation with rain/snow/storm and/or rots through insects/animals/irresistible forces.Therefore,the autopsy observations should be combined with the case investigation,field scrutiny and other supportive analysis so as to build up a comprehensive judgement.Certainly,the corpse found in the field holds its own characteristics that require the pertinent examination methods.With the examples of six practical cases,one preliminary analysis was here put forward into the forensic verification methods of such cases so that references would be provided to the peers.