社交网络与城市老年人心血管疾病患病的关联

The association of social network with cardiovascular diseases among the urban elderly in China

目的了解城市社区老年人社交网络与心血管疾病患病的关系,为心血管疾病预防提供依据。方法于2017年11月至2018年5月在北京、合肥、兰州采用整群抽样法从每个城市选取1个社区,采用方便抽样法从3个社区中选择1174名60岁及以上老年人进行调查。通过面对面问卷调查收集老年人的一般资料和社交网络情况,采用汉化版Lubben社交网络量表简表调查其社交网络情况。采用SPSS 20.0软件进行χ^2检验和多因素非条件logistic回归分析。结果老年人心血管疾病的患病率为18.91%,28.20%的老年人出现家庭社交孤立情况,46.19%的老年人出现朋友社交孤立。单因素分析结果表明,朋友社交正常的老年人心血管疾病患病率(22.15%)高于朋友社交孤立的老年人(15.18%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。家庭社交正常的老年人心血管疾病患病率(20.00%)与家庭社交孤立的老年人心血管疾病患病率(15.12%)差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,朋友社交孤立(OR=0.664,95%CI:0.462~0.953)与心血管疾病患病率低有关联(P<0.05);家庭社交孤立与心血管疾病患病无关联(P>0.05)。分地区分析发现,仅兰州的老年人朋友社交孤立(OR=0.442,95%CI:0.242~0.808)与心血管疾病患病率低有关联(P<0.01)。结论城市社区老年人朋友社交孤立与心血管疾病患病相关,家庭社交孤立未见关联。

Objective To investigate the association between social network and cardiovascular diseases of the urban elderly,and to provide the basis for prevention of cardiovascular diseases.Methods From November of 2017 to May of 2018,the cluster sampling method was used to select one community of each city(Beijing,Hefei and Lanzhou),and the convenient sampling was used to select 1174 residents(≥60 years old)from 3 communities as the subjects.The investigation was performed with face to face questionnaire for collecting the general information and social network;Lubben Social Network Scale was used to investigate the social network.Theχ^2 test and unconditional logistic regression were used to analyze the data,the used software was SPSS20.0.Results The morbidity of cardiovascular diseases of the urban elderly was 18.91%,the family social isolation appeared in28.20%of the urban elderly,the friends social isolation appeared in 46.19%of the urban elderly.The single factor analysis showed that the morbidity of cardiovascular diseases in the urban elderly with normal friends socialization was 22.15%,which was significantly higher than that(15.18%)in the urban elderly with friends social isolation,P<0.01.There was no significant difference in the morbidity of cardiovascular diseases between the elderly with normal family socialization(20.00%)and the elderly with family social isolation(15.12%),P>0.05.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that friends social isolation(OR=0.664,95%CI:0.462~0.953)correlated to low morbidity of cardiovascular diseases(P<0.05);family social isolation did not correlate to the morbidity of cardiovascular diseases(P>0.05).The analysis on the basis of areas found that only the elderly with friends social isolation(OR=0.442,95%CI:0.242~0.808)in Lanzhou correlated to low morbidity of cardiovascular diseases(P<0.01).Conclusion Friends social isolation correlated to the morbidity of cardiovascular diseases,family social isolation did not correlate to the morbidity of cardiovascular diseases.