2013年-2018年温州地区儿童肺炎支原体流行特征分析

Characteristics of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection among children in Wenzhou,from 2013 to 2018

目的分析温州地区儿童肺炎支原体感染趋势及流行特征。方法 2013年1月-2018年7月,采用酶联免疫吸附试验(enzymelinked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)检测55 180例疑似肺炎支原体感染患儿血清肺炎支原体Ig M抗体,并对结果进行回顾性分析。结果 2013年1月-2018年7月温州地区儿童肺炎支原体感染阳性率分别在2013年6月(阳性率为32.25%)、2017年1月(阳性率为30.05%)出现高峰,2015年4月(阳性率为5.59%)出现低谷。肺炎支原体Ig M抗体总阳性率为15.78%;男、女患儿阳性率分别为13.62%和19.24%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=309.94,P <0.05);患儿各年龄组间差异有统计学意义(χ2=757.01,P <0.05),<1岁患儿阳性率最低,4岁~7岁患儿阳性率最高。结论温州地区曾在2013年出现过肺炎支原体流行,持续时间相对较长,2017年初出现短暂流行;近些年温州地区儿童肺炎支原体感染率总体呈下降趋势。

Objective To investigate the Mycoplasma pneumoniae(MP)infection status among children in Wenzhou.Methods From January 2013 to July 2018,55180 patients with suspected Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection were conducted for the detection of serum Mycoplasma pneumoniae IgM antibody by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),and the results were retrospectively analyzed.Results Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection peaks occurred in June 2013-January 2013.Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection troughs were in April 2015.The total positive rates of Mycoplasma pneumoniae IgM antibody was 15.78%,while positive rates in boy and girl were respectively 13.62%and 19.24%,and the differences were statistically significant(χ2=309.94,P<0.05).The differences in positive rate among different age groups were statistical significant(χ2=757.01,P<0.05).The lowest positive rate was found in age group<1 year,and the highest positive rate was found in age group 4-7 years.Conclusion In the Wenzhou area,Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection epidemic occurred in 2013,which lasted for a relatively long time and appeared short-lived in early 2017.The overall positive rate of Mycoplasma pneumoniae has decreased in recent years.