饲料中添加苜蓿皂苷提取物对肉牛生长性能、养分表观消化率及瘤胃发酵性能的影响

Effects of alfalfa saponin extract on growth performance,nutrient apparent digestibility and rumen fermentation performance of beef cattle

为研究苜蓿皂苷提取物对肉牛生长性能、养分表观消化率及瘤胃发酵性能的影响,选择体重(150±4)kg健康肉犊牛60头,随机分为4组,1组为对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验2、3、4组分别在基础日粮中添加0.5%、1.0%、1.5%的苜蓿皂苷提取物,试验期60 d。试验期结束测定其生长性能、养分表观消化率及瘤胃发酵性能指标。结果表明:(1)试验3、4组的平均日增重较1组比分别提高15.6%、13.0%(P <0.05),料重比较1组比分别降低12.9%、12.3%(P <0.05),试验2、3、4组的平均采食量均高于1组(P> 0.05);(2)试验3、4组的粗蛋白质、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维表观消化率较1组比分别提高12.0%、11.9%、8.5%、7.4%、19.3%、17.1%(P <0.05),试验2、3、4组干物质、钙、磷表观消化率均高于1组(P>0.05);(3)试验3、4组的氨氮、总脂肪酸、微生物含量较1组比分别提高17.9%、17.3%、12.1%、11.1%、42.4%、39.1%(P<0.05),试验2、3、4组的pH、乙酸、丁酸均高于1组(P> 0.05);试验2、3、4组的丙酸均低于1组(P> 0.05)。综上,不同水平的苜蓿皂苷提取物可以提高肉牛生长性能、养分表观消化率及瘤胃发酵性能,以1.0%添加为适宜。

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of alfalfa saponin extract on growth performance,apparent nutrient digestibility and rumen fermentation performance of beef cattle.Sixty beef cattle weighing(150±4)kg were randomly divided into four groups.One group was fed with basic diet.The experimental groups 2,3 and 4 were fed with 0.5%,1.0%and 1.5%alfalfa saponin extract on the basis of basic diet respectively.The experimental period was 60 days.The growth performance,apparent nutrient digestibility and rumen fermentation performance were measured at the end of the experimental period.The results were as follows:(1)The average daily gain of groups 3 and 4 was 15.6%and 13.0%higher than that of group 1(P<0.05),the feed conversion rates of group 1 was 12.9%and 12.3%lower than that of group 1(P<0.05),and the average feed intoke of groups 2,3 and 4 was higher than that of group 1(P>0.05);(2)The appearance of crude protein,neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber in groups 3 and 4 was 12.0%,11.9%,8.5%,7.4%,19.3%,17.1%higher than that of group 1(P<0.05).The apparent digestibility of dry matter,calcium and phosphorus in groups 2,3 and 4 was higher than that in group 1(P>0.05);(3)The contents of ammonia nitrogen,total fatty acid and microorganism in groups 3 and 4 were 17.9%,17.3%,12.1%,11.1%,42.4%and 39.1%higher than those in group 1(P<0.05),the pH,acetic acid and butyric acid of groups 2,3 and 4 were higher than those of group 1(P>0.05);the propionic acid of groups 2,3 and 4 was lower than that of group 1(P>0.05).In summary:different levels of alfalfa saponin extracts could improve beef cattle growth performance,nutrient apparent digestibility and rumen fermentation performance,and 1.0%was the appropriate addition.