资源保护与原住居民发展权的权衡

STUDY ON TRADE-OFFS BETWEEN RESOURCE PROTECTION AND INDIGENOUS RESIDENTS DEVELOPMENT RIGHT

发展权是一项基本人权,基本的物质保障是发展权实现的前提。自然保护区或生态区的设立,一定程度上限制了原住居民获得自然资源的权利,必然会引发保护需要与发展需求的矛盾。解决这一矛盾的出路在于:一方面保障原住居民参与自然保护区和生态区管理的主体性地位,通过参与管理促成原住居民对资源与生态保护的认同感,另一方面,确保保护区和生态区生产经营转型后能有效地保障原住居民获得相应的物质资料,保证其发展权的最大实现。

Development right is a basic human right, and the premise for the realization of it is basic material security. The establishment of nature reserves or ecological zones restricts the rights of indigenous residents to obtain natural resources to a certain extent, which will inevitably lead to conflicts between protection needs and development needs. This contradiction can be solved in two aspects. On the one hand, the subjectivity of indigenous residents to participate in the management of nature reserves and ecological zone should be guaranteed, therefore their sense of identity about resource and ecological protection can be formed. On the other hand, after the transformation of production and operation of nature reserves and ecological zones, indigenous residents’ getting of corresponding material goods should be ensured, so that the maximum realization of their development right can be achieved.