达乌尔黄鼠贮食对象与数量研究

Study on the Food-hoarding Targets and Amount of Spermophilus dauricus

对海拉尔东山达乌尔黄鼠的贮食对象及数量进行研究。通过对黄鼠洞的挖掘和黄鼠的饲养试验发现,不同年龄黄鼠的采食量不同,成年鼠日均采食量22.8 g,幼鼠日均采食量15.5 g。黄鼠喜欢冷蒿、黄蒿、糙隐子草、冰草。在黄鼠洞挖掘中发现9个洞,每个洞中储藏的大麻籽46.8 g、枯黄植物5.9 g、冷蒿、黄蒿、糙隐子草、冰草也有发现,说明黄鼠喜食种籽、冷蒿、黄蒿、糙隐子草和冰草。黄鼠的取食对象随着周围环境和生境类型的变化而变化,所以对其食物贮食的研究需要长期进行。

The food-hoarding targets and amount of Spermophilus dauricus at East Mountain in Hailar were studied.The results of digging holes and feeding experiment of S.dauricus that the food amount of S.dauricus at different ages were different,the average mount of foods of adult and young rats was 22.8 and 15.5 g per day respectively,Artemisia frigida,Artemisia scoparia,Cleistogenes squarrosa and Agropyron cristatum were preferent foods of S.dauricus.In the nine digged holes,46.8 g Cannabis sativa L.and 5.9 g withered plant,Artemisia frigida,Artemisia scoparia,Cleistogenes squarrosa and Agropyron cristatum were found,which indicated the seeds,Artemisia frigida,Artemisia scoparia,Cleistogenes squarrosa and Agropyron cristatum might be the preferent foods of S.dauricus.Forage target of S.dauricus altered to adapt the change of environment and habitat,so the food-hoarding behavior of S.dauricus should be studied in a long term.