四川地区金斑蝶人工养殖条件初探

Preliminary Study on the Conditions of Artificial Culture of Danaus chrysippus in Sichuan

金斑蝶是集工艺制作、生态观赏和喜庆放飞三用蝶种,具较高的开发利用价值。观察统计了不同温度处理下金斑蝶各虫态的发育历期,以及施用不同浓度复合肥的基质上栽培寄主植物马利筋的生长状态。结果表明,20℃条件下发育历期最长,为29~38 d;30℃条件下发育历期最短,为12~26 d;25℃条件下发育历期为14~28 d;室外自然条件下的发育历期为13~30 d。马利筋喜欢生长在含有丰富有机质的营养土中,在栽植后可施用300 kg/hm^2的复合肥。金斑蝶生长发育最佳条件为温度25~30℃,湿度70%,寄主植物马利筋需要栽培在肥力浓度为300 kg/hm^2的营养土中。研究结果可为今后金斑蝶在四川地区的规模化人工养殖提供依据。

Danaus chrysippus is a collection of craft production,ecological viewing and jubilant flying three-purpose butterfly species,which has a high value of development and utilization.In this paper,the developmental periods of different insect states and the growth states of the host plant of Asclepias curassavica were observed and calculated.The results were as follows:the longest developmental period of Danaus chrysippus was about 29-38 days under 20℃;the shortest developmental period was about 12-26 days under 30℃;the developmental period was 14-28 days under 25℃;and the developmental period was 13-30 days under outdoor normal temperature.Asclepias curassavica likes to grow in nutrient soil rich in organic matter,to apply 300 kg/hm^2 of compound fertilizer after planting.The results showed that the optimum conditions for growth and development were temperature 25-30℃,humidity 70%,and the host plant of Asclepias curassavica needed to be cultivated in nutrient soil with fertility concentration of 300 kg/hm^2.The results provide the basis for the large-scale artificial culture of Danaus chrysippus in Sichuan.