马克思生产资料所有制原理及科学方法的当代价值

Contemporary Value of Marx’s Principle on Ownership of Means of Production and its Scientific Method

生产资料所有制是关于生产资料到底为谁所有及其如何实现的一种制度规定,或是人对生产资料占有与实现的一种社会方式。它是人对物的占有而形成的人与人之间的一种相互关系,是决定生产关系、经济基础与上层建筑乃至整个社会的核心构件。马克思关于这一问题所做的理论说明,就是他关于生产资料所有制的基本原理。这一原理在马克思的全部理论体系中具有基础性与决定性作用。生产资料所有制原理不仅是一种科学理论,而且还为我们提供了一种分析问题、解决问题的根本指导思想和重要的方法论原则。然而,在我国经济学界,有不少朋友对此却理解得非常肤浅,与马克思的本意相去甚远。因而,学好这一原理与方法,无论对我国经济学队伍的思想建设、理论建设与认知能力建设,还是对中国经济学的学科建设都具有十分重要的现实意义与时代价值。

Ownership of means of production is the institutional system that determines to whom the means of production should belong and how to realize its value,or one kind of social methods about how people possess the means of production and realize its value.Because of the possession of materials by human beings,the relationship between individuals is formed,and that is the core constructure that determines productive relations,economic base,superstructure,and even the whole society.Marx explains the theory about this problem,and this is also his basic principle about ownership of means of production.This principle has the fundamental and determining function in all his theoretical system.The principle of ownership of means of production is not only the scientific theory,it also provides the fundamental guiding ideology and the important method for us to analyze and solve problems.However,in Chinese economic circle,quite a few scholars’understanding of this principle is rather shallow,which has a far distance from Marx’s original intention.Therefore,it is necessary to learn this principle and method well,no matter for the construction of ideology,theory and cognitive competence in Chinese economics team,or for the construction of economy discipline in China,it both has great practical significance and value of the times.