美国陆军作战试验部队管理体系研究

Research on management system of US Army operational test forces

作战试验部队是试验鉴定力量体系的重要支撑,是完成装备作战试验的直接载体。美国在装备试验与鉴定方面走在世界前列,建立了一整套行之有效的管理体制,陆军实行试验与鉴定的一体化管理,具有独立的作战试验鉴定部门,没有编设专业化的作战试验部队,试验任务主要根据装备的特性选取未来典型用户的作战部队在真实对抗环境中完成。作战试验部队主要参加作战评估、初始作战试验与评价以及后续作战试验与评价三个阶段的作战试验,在一体化试验小组的协调下,依托靶场完成试验训练任务。本文主要通过对美国陆军试验部队的研究,分析了美国陆军作战试验与鉴定发展概况,重点研究了作战试验部队管理体系,并从整个试验与鉴定系统归纳总结作战试验部队管理及相关工作的主要做法。

The operational test force is an important support for the test and evaluation force system to accomplish the equipment operational test.The United States leads the world in equipment test and evaluation,and has established a set of highly effective management system.The Army implements an integrated management of test and evaluation and has an independent operational test and evaluation department,but has no specialized operational test forces.The test tasks are mainly based on the characteristics of equipment to select the operational forces of a future typical user in a real confrontation environment.Operational test forces mainly participate in three stages of operational evaluation,initial operational test and evaluation,and subsequent operational test and evaluation.The test and training tasks are completed based on the shooting range with the coordination of the integrated test team.Based on the research on the U.S.army’s test forces,the paper analyzes the general situation of the development of their operational test and evaluation,focuses on the management system of the operational test forces,and summarizes the main practices of the operational test forces management and related work from the entire test and evaluation system.