中国传统演出空间补遗之河边戏场

Riverside Stage as the Supplement of Chinese Traditional Performing Stage

我国古代可供乐舞、百戏、戏曲所用的传统演出空间种类繁多,有勾栏、露台、歌台、砌台、乐楼、乐棚、舞亭、舞楼、舞榭、舞台、戏楼、戏台等多种类别或称谓,倾力于古代剧场研究的学者已颇为深入。独遗水上演出空间,鲜为人所关注。水台是水上演出空间的重要组成部分之一,根据水体大小可分为池台、河台、湖台、江台四类,另有桥台、船台两种。其中河台是留存最多、至今仍在大量使用的一类。对其进行爬梳,是中国传统演出空间研究的重要补充,并对戏曲表导演及观演关系等领域具有较高的理论和实践意义。

There are many kinds of traditional performing space for dance,acrobatics and opera in ancient China,such as goulan washe,an open air performance venue,terrace,singing stage,masonry stage,music hall,music shed,dance pavilion,dance hall,dance platform,dance stage,opera hall and opera stage,etc.,which are quite familiar to the scholars who devote themselves to the study of ancient theatre.However,little attention has been paid to the riverside performance venue.Waterside stage is one of the important parts of water performance venue(or water theatre).According to the area of the water,it can be divided into four categories:stage in the middle of a pool,riverside stage,lakeside stage and large riverside stage.There are also two types of stage on a bridge and on a ship.Among them,the riverside stage remains the most and is still wildly used.It is an important supplement to the study of traditional Chinese performing venue,and has a high theoretical and practical significance in the fields of opera directing and audience relationship.