喷射成形高强铝合金包套多向锻造工艺研究

Cladding Multi-directional Forging Technology of Spray-formed High-strength Aluminum Alloy

目的研究包套对喷射成形高强铝合金多向锻造变形行为的影响规律。方法采用Deform-3D软件对喷射成形高强铝合金包套多向锻造成形过程进行模拟,分析不同包套材料和包套厚度下坯料的等效应力和等效应变的变化规律,并用优化后的参数进行物理实验,测量试样的力学性能变化。结果当选用45#钢作为包套材料,并且包套厚度为5 mm时,坯料的等效应力、等效应变分布最均匀,成形效果最好。一道次包套多向锻造后,坯料的硬度、抗拉强度和伸长率均得到了提升;经过T6热处理后,坯料的抗拉强度得到进一步的提高,由397.71 MPa提升至561.16 MPa,伸长率有所降低,由8.2%降低为4.6%。结论包套材料和包套厚度对喷射成形高强铝合金包套多向锻造的变形行为有显著影响,选用合适的包套参数可以有效改善坯料的变形均匀性,提高坯料的力学性能。

The paper aims to study the influence of the cladding on the deformation behavior of high strength aluminum alloy in multi-directional forging.Deform-3d software was used to simulate the multi-directional forging process of high-strength aluminum alloy cladding in spray forming,and the change rules of the equivalent stress and equivalent strain of the blank under different cladding materials and cladding thickness were analyzed.The physical experiment was conducted with the optimized parameters to measure the change of mechanical properties of the sample.When 45#steel was selected as the cladding material and the thickness of the cladding was 5 mm,the equivalent stress and equivalent strain distribution of the blank was the most uniform and the forming effect was the best.The hardness,tensile strength and elongation of the billet were improved after the multi-directional forging of first cladding.After T6 heat treatment,the tensile strength of billet was further improved from 397.71 MPa to 561.16 MPa,and the elongation was reduced from 8.2%to 4.6%.The cladding material and the cladding thickness have a significant effect on the deformation behavior of the multi-directional forging of the high-strength aluminum alloy coating in spray forming.The proper parameters can effectively improve the deformation uniformity and improve the mechanical properties of the billet.