自我效能在护理实践专业性与职业倦怠间的中介效应路径分析

Path analysis of the mediating effect of self-efficacy between nursing professional practice and burnout

目的探讨临床护士护理实践专业性和自我效能对职业倦怠的影响,为降低护士的职业倦怠水平,降低护士离职率提供依据和建议。方法采用横断面调查方法,通过便利抽样法对S省2所三甲医院的332名临床护士采用护理实践专业性量表、一般自我效能量表、职业倦怠量表进行问卷调查。使用SPSS23.0、AMOS24.0软件进行变量间的相关性分析与路径分析,并采用Bootstrap方法验证变量之间的直接、间接关系。结果护理实践专业性、自我效能、职业倦怠三者之间呈现显著性相关关系(P<0.05);护理实践专业性对职业倦怠有直接的负向影响(γ=-0.308,P=0.001);护理实践专业性对自我效能有直接的正向影响(γ=0.554,P=0.001),此外护理实践专业性通过自我效能对职业倦怠有间接的负向影响(γ=-0.285,P<0.01);自我效能对职业倦怠有直接的负向影响(γ=-0.514,P=0.001)。结论提高护士的护理实践专业水平可以降低其职业倦怠感。

Objective To explore the effect of clinical nurses′nursing practice professionalism and self-efficacy on job burnout,and to provide basis and suggestions for reducing the level of job burnout and reducing the turnover rate of nurses.Methods A total of 332 clinical nurses were selected by the convenience sampling method in 2 tertiary hospitals in S province,and questionnaire survey was conducted by using nursing practice professional scale,general self-efficacy scale and occupational burnout scale.SPSS23.0 and AMOS24.0 statistical software were used to analyze the correlation and path between variables,and the Bootstrap method was used to verify the direct and indirect relationships between variables.Results There was a significant correlation between the three variables of nursing practice professionalism,self-efficacy,job burnout(P<0.05).Nursing practice professionalism has a direct negative impact on job burnout(γ=-0.308,P=0.001).Nursing practice professionalism has a direct positive impact on self-efficacy(γ=0.554,P=0.001).In addition,nursing practice professionalism has an indirect negative impact on job burnout through self-efficacy(γ=-0.285,P=0.000).Self-efficacy has a direct negative impact on job burnout(γ=-0.514,P=0.001).Conclusion Improving the professional level of nurses′nursing practice can help reduce their job burnout.