推流式曝气池中微生物群落结构演变及其应用

Application and Succession of Microbial Community Structure in Plug-flow Aeration Tank

以吉林奇峰腈纶污水处理厂推流式曝气池为对象,采用高通量测序技术,探究了推流式曝气池处理废水过程中微生物群落结构变化,分析了菌落变化折射出的废水中难降解有机物可降解性能的变化过程与关键阶段,提出了强化关键阶段处理能力的对策.结果显示,推流式曝气池第一廊道微生物多样性高于第三廊道,第二廊道内极少数细菌利用最难降解的有机物进行代谢生长;沿曝气池推流方向上,菌群差异明显,副球菌、泛黄杆菌、红细菌、陶厄氏菌是曝气池前端有机物得到高效降解的内在推动力;土地杆菌、粘液杆菌、玫瑰单胞菌、懒小杆菌、产黄杆菌、硫杆菌是曝气池后端最难降解有机物分解的小分子有机物得到进一步降解的主要承担者.故可通过曝气池扩容、降低进水量、在二、三廊道内投加载体等方式,延长生化处理时间,提高曝气池对有机物的降解率.

In the treatment process of acrylic wastewater in Jilin Qifeng aeration tank,the microbial community composition changes were analyzed by using high-throughput sequencing technology.The change process and key stages of the degradability of refractory organics in wastewater were explored according to microbial flora changes.Countermeasures to strengthen the processing capacity at key stages were put forward.The results show that the microbial diversity of the first gallery of the plug-flow aeration tank is higher than that of the third gallery.Very few bacteria in the second gallery use the most refractory organics to metabolize and grow in a similar way to"hydrolytic acidification".Along the pushing flow direction of the aeration tank,the composition of the microbial community had obvious differences.Paracoccus,Diaphorobacter,Rhodobacter,and Thauera may be the internal impetus for the efficient degradation of organic matter in the front of the aeration tank.Pedobacter,Mucilaginibacter,Roseomonas,Ignavibacterium,Rhodanobacter,Thiobacillus may be the main bearers for the further degradation of small molecule organics that are decomposed by the most refractory organics at the rear of the aeration tank.Therefore,it is presumed that the biochemical treatment time can be extended by expanding the capacity of the aeration tank,reducing the water intake,and adding carrier in the second and third gallery,which can improve the degradation rate of organic matter in the aeration tank.