GVC嵌入、产业R&D效率与提升策略研究

GVC embedding and industrial R&D efficiency and its improve strategy

在创新成为驱动发展第一动力和创新资源约束的交叉背景下,提升产业R&D效率对实现产业创新发展具有重要意义。突破产业R&D效率研究单一阶段或两阶段视角的局限,将全球价值链(Global Value Chain,GVC)要素引入产业R&D效率评价体系之中,在从嵌入位势和嵌入强度两个维度对GVC要素进行解构的基础上,构建产业R&D三阶段效率评价体系;在此基础上,基于三阶段视角和SFA方法以中国高端装备制造业R&D效率为例进行实证研究,揭示产业R&D三阶段效率规律及其影响因素的作用。研究发现:(1)实证产业的GVC嵌入位势逐年提高,但其GVC嵌入强度相对稳定;(2)实证产业R&D三阶段效率在实证时段内稳定上升,呈现出R&D成果直接产出效率最高,GVC攀升效率最低,成果经济转化效率居中的总体规律;(3)R&D投入要素和影响因素对产业R&D三阶段效率的影响强度、影响显著性和影响方向均具有异质性。基于实证研究结论,提出了"加强GVC嵌入"和"促进产业民营成分发展"等提升产业R&D效率的策略。

Under the cross background of innovation becoming the first driving force of development and innovation resource constraints,there is great significance to improve the efficiency of industrial R&D for the realization of industrial innovation and development.Break through the limitations of single-stage or two-stage research on industrial R&D efficiency,this paper introduces GVC into the evaluation system of industrial R&D efficiency,and constructs the three-stage evaluation system of industrial R&D efficiency based on the deconstruction of GVC from two aspects of embedding potential and embedding intensity;on this basis,empirical research on the R&D efficiency of China’s high-end equipment manufacturing industry is conducted based on the three-stage perspective and SFA method,this paper reveals the law of three-stage R&D efficiency and their influencing factors.The results show that:(1)the embedding potential of GVC of the empirical industry is gradually increasing,but the embedding intensity is relatively stable;(2)the three-stage R&D efficiency of the empirical industry rises steadily in the empirical period,and the efficiency of R&D direct output is the highest,the climbing efficiency of GVC is the lowest;(3)the influencing intensity,significance and direction of the R&D input factors and influencing factors are heterogeneous.Based on the achievements of the empirical research,this paper puts forward the strategies to improve the industrial R&D efficiency,such as"strengthening GVC embedding"and"promoting the development of private sectors".