基因甲基化在急性白血病微小残留中的研究进展

Research Progress of Gene Methylation in Minimal Residue Disease of Acute Leukemia

微小残留病(minimal residual disease,MRD)是白血病患者治疗达到完全缓解后复发的主要原因,而复发则是影响白血病患者生存的主要因素。监测急性白血病中肿瘤细胞的微小残留对白血病的治疗及预后具有重要意义。研究表明一些特异基因异常甲基化可作为一种生物标志物用于MRD的检测,能够较早的预测疾病复发及指导白血病的治疗。DKK3、CDKN2A、CTGF基因异常甲基化在多种肿瘤中均可检测到,其在急性白血病中亦存在异常基因甲基化现象。全文分析上述基因在急性白血病初发、完全缓解、尤其缓解后复发时的甲基化状态,结合患者临床症状,评价其在MRD监测中的临床价值。

Disease recurrence is a major problem affecting the survival of leukemia patients,while the minimal residual disease(MRD) is the main reason for recurrence in leukemia patients after complete remission. Monitoring of minimal residual tumor cells in acute leukemia is of great significance for the treatment and prognosis of leukemia. Some studies have shown that abnormal methylation of some specific genes can be used as a biomarker for the detection of MRD to predict disease recurrence and guide the treatment. The abnormal methylation of DKK3,CDKN2 A,CTGF gene can be detected in a wide variety of malignant diseases including acute leukemia.This article reviews the gene methylation status in disease initiation,complete response,recurrence of acute leukemia,and explores its clinical value for MRD monitoring.