语言加工中的预测行为研究综述

Prediction in language processing:A critical review and directions for future research

预测在理解与产出结合的过程中发挥着重要作用,是快速、有效、准确理解的关键心理过程。预测与语言习得密切相关。本文梳理了预测研究的主要理论及研究现状,结合语言学习理论探讨了预测机制蕴含的习得机理,总结了影响二语预测的语言经验、语言水平、语境限制和认知负荷等因素,廓清了语言加工中预测研究的现状及发展趋势。

The last decade saw a tremendous growth in the research on prediction in language processing.It has been demon-strated that speakers and listeners build up predictions at the full range of linguistic levels.Prediction plays a significant role in language production,comprehension and dialogue as the mechanism by which language processing can occur quickly,e-men tallyand effortlessly.This paper aims to synthesize the status quo and research trends of prediction in language incrprocessing.Thepape r explains the function of prediction in language acquisition with respect to linguistic theories such as error-based learning,statistical learning,and the competition model.It also clarifies the factors affecting L2 prediction.