翻译批评即翻译问题决策评价:论翻译批评的“问题”途径

Translation criticism as problem-solving evaluation:A problem-based approach to translation criticism

翻译是一种问题决策活动。翻译活动的实现过程也是译者根据双语文本的语境化功能,依次解决职业、情景、语篇和规约性翻译问题的过程。翻译批评即参照这些分层次的语境化文本功能,对翻译活动中译者的翻译问题决策进行分析、判断和评价。需要指出的是,当这些文本功能各不相符时,译本的规约化功能便成为评判所有翻译问题决策的依据;当它们彼此一致时,源语文本功能和与源语文本的"主题相关度"则是评价语篇和规约性翻译问题决策的参照。

Translation is a problem-solving activity.In the actualization process of a translation activity,a translator strategizes hissol utions to professional,situational,textual and conventional translation problems in line with the contextualized text func-tions.B ased on this,translation criticism can be defined as the analysis,judgment and evaluation of a translator’s problem-solvingduring a translation activity in light of the hierarchical text functions.n these text functions are contradictory among eachother,conventionalized function of the target text needs to be Wprioritized heas the criterion to evaluate a translator’s solutions to all kinds of translation problems.If the functions of the source text and target text are in agreement with each other,thesolutions to textual and conventional translation problems are to be evaluated in terms of the source text function together with the degree of’topic-relevance’.