特大干旱事件灾害孕育机理及影响研究进展

Research progress on the mechanism and influence of extreme drought-induced disasters

为有效推进特大干旱事件灾害孕育机理及其影响的研究,在回顾与展望特大干旱灾害的基础上,分别对其次生灾害孕育过程和对生态环境长期影响的研究进行梳理与评述,指出当前研究中存在的主要问题与薄弱环节,包括对特大干旱的聚焦不够、干旱灾害链及多灾种协同演进定量研究亟待深入、特大干旱对养分循环与生态过程的长期影响等方面的研究相对匮乏。认为特大干旱事件灾害孕育机理及影响方面的整体研究框架尚未确立,相应研究体系和技术方法体系也远未形成。建议未来着重研究特大干旱次生灾害的深层链式结构和复杂能量传递问题,有效揭示特大干旱事件灾害孕育机理与多灾种协同演进机制,进一步阐明特大干旱对水文生态过程和地表环境的多重影响。

In order to effectively promote the research on the mechanism and influence of disasters caused by extreme drought events,this study provides an overview of scientific literatures regarding the evolution of extreme drought-induced disasters and relevant long-term influences on ecological environment based on the review and prospect of extreme drought disasters.It is pointed out that the major problem and weak link of current researches mainly include insufficient focus on extreme droughts,coarse quantification of drought disaster chains and concurrent evolution of multiple disasters,and deficient research on the long-term effects of extreme drought on nutrient cycling and ecological process.It is found that the overall research framework for the mechanism and influence of extreme drought-induced disasters has not been established and the corresponding research and technical systems are far from formation.It is suggested that the future research should more focus on the deep chain structure and complex energy transfer of extreme drought-induced disasters,so as to effectively reveal the mechanism of extreme drought-induced disasters and concurrent evolution of multiple disasters,and to further illuminate the multifold impacts of extreme droughts on hydro-ecological process and land surface environment.