气管支气管软化症的治疗与进展

Treatment and progress of tracheobronchomalacia

气管支气管软化症是一种因气管软骨受损或膜部气管纵行弹性纤维病变引起的气道管壁软弱的疾病。目前临床常见的治疗有保守治疗、持续气道正压通气、气管切开术、气管切除术、气管成形术及气管外支架固定等。每一种治疗方式都有各自的适应证和缺点。随着新兴治疗方式的运用和材料领域的发展,患者的治疗手段得到优化,治疗效果得以提升,但依然存在很多有待解决的问题。

Tracheobronchiomalacia is a disease in which the airway wall is weak due to damage to the cartilage of the trachea or the longitudinal elastic fibrosis of the trachea.At present,the common clinical treatments include conservative treatment,continuous positive airway pressure,tracheotomy,tracheostomy,tracheoplasty,and extratracheal stent fixation.Each treatment has its own indications and shortcomings.With the application of emerging treatment methods and the development of materials,the treatment methods of patients have been optimized and the treatment effect has been improved,but there are still many problems to be solved.