莫莱蒂“世界文学猜想”再讨论

Moretti’s Conjectures on World Literature Reconsidered

莫莱蒂于本世纪初发表的"世界文学猜想"在引发新一轮"世界文学"讨论的热潮中"功不可没",且学界围绕其思想已产生过基于不同视角的批评与纷争。然而,本文认为因为对某些基本问题的误解,常常存在莫莱蒂的该思想本身被曲解,其内涵被简化,且其重要性被降低的情况。为此,本文试图通过对莫莱蒂相关文学理论建构的梳理和分析,说明莫莱蒂的"世界文学猜想"是基于马克思主义思想尤其是"世界体系理论"的关于"世界文学"的创新性理论。这一方面意味着这一思想及其相关的新的"世界文学"讨论与传统意义上"世界文学"理论有根本区别,另一方面以期对莫莱蒂文学理论和"世界文学"讨论的进一步深化提供参考。

"Conjectures on World Literature"published by Franco Moretti at the beginning of this century has contributed much to the new world literature discussion.Academic circles have produced criticism and dispute from different approaches to his ideas.However,this article holds that because of misunderstanding of some basic issues,there are often cases where Moretti’s idea itself is misinterpreted,its connotation is simplified,and its importance is reduced.Therefore,this article attempts to sort out and analyze the construction of Moretti’s relevant literary theories,to illustrate that Moretti’s"conjectures"are based on the innovation of"world literature"from the perspective of Marxism,especially world-system theory.It will show that fundamental difference exists between this idea and its related new"world literature"discussion and the traditional"world literature"theory,and hope to provide a reference for further study of Moretti’s literary theory and"world literature".