文学视角下的记忆与叙事

Memory and Narration from the Perspective of Literature

从口传文学作品的产生看,诗人/作者的作品带有明显的记忆功能。文学作品出现的动机是源自一种对过往记忆痕迹的保存,是人类生命对时间和遗忘的本能反抗。史传文学和自传体文学是记忆叙事特征最为明显的两类文学作品,也影响了以"创伤记忆"叙事为代表的宏观批评视角和以自传体批评为代表的个体批评视角。具体来说,叙事和记忆在文学文本中的交汇涉及三个共同的基本元素:一是时间,二是空间,三是行为个体(包括叙述者或记忆主体,接受者)。因此,文学作品中的个人化记忆叙事,也是个人记忆与集体记忆、模仿记忆的叙事与成为记忆的叙事彼此之间相互交流的建构过程。

The poet/author’s works have obvious memory function from the perspective of the oral literature producing.Literary works are motivated by the preservation of the traces of past memory and the instinctive resistance of human life to time and oblivion.Historical biography literature and autobiographical literature are the two literature works with the most obvious characteristics of memory narrative,which also influence the macroscopic critical perspective represented by traumatic memory narrative and the individual critical perspective represented by autobiographical criticism.Specifically,the intersection of narrative and memory in literary texts involves three common basic elements:the first is time,the second is space,and the third is behavioral individual(including narrator or memory subject,receiver).Therefore,the narrative of individual memory in literary works is also the construction process of the mutual communication between individual memory and collective memory,the narrative that imitates memory and the narrative that becomes memory.