贵州部分地区灵芝及其种植土壤中几种重金属污染检测

Detection and pollution evaluation of heavy metals in Ganoderma lucidum and its planting soil in partial areas of Guizhou Province

为了解贵州部分地区灵芝及其种植土壤中Pb、Cr、Hg、As、Cd等5种重金属污染状况,对多地区10个灵芝基地的土壤及灵芝子实体采样检测,采用单因子污染指数法和内梅罗综合污染指数法对污染程度进行评价;进而通过计算富集系数判别灵芝对重金属的富集能力。结果为:所测样品土壤中Pb、As、Cd含量未超出贵州省土壤背景值,Cr和Hg超出背景值,低于二级标准上限值;灵芝子实体5种重金属的污染指数均小于1,低于有关规定的含量;灵芝对重金属的富集能力表现为Cd>Hg>As>Cr>Pb,总体较弱。

In order to invest the heavy metals pollution status of Ganoderma lucidum in Guizhou Province and evaluate the risk of heavy metals,the contents of Pb,Cr,Hg,As,Cd in the fruiting bodies and planting soils were analyzed by single factor pollution index method and Nemerow index method,and then by calculating the enrichment coefficient to determine the enrichment ability of Ganoderma lucidum on heavy metals.Results showed that the content of Pb,As,and Cd in the soil did not exceed the soil background value of Guizhou Province,and the Cr and Hg exceeded the background value and were lower than the upper limit of the secondary standard.The pollution index of the five heavy metals in Ganoderma lucidum fruiting bodies was less than 1,which was lower than the relevant regulations.