晚清时期西方警察制度对近代中国警政的影响

The Influence of Western Police System in the Late Qing Dynasty on the Police Administration in Modern China

以1840年鸦片战争为起点,1911年清末"新政"结束为终点,对这一时期的晚清警政进行研究发现:西方警察制度的"强行植入",日本近代警政与晚清中国"以日为师"观念的形成,改良思想家对西方警政模式的宣传及实践推动了清末警政的萌芽及发展,而西方警察制度对中国近代警政的影响主要体现在警察职能开始独立、警察制度渐成体系和警察法律体系的初步建立三个方面。

A study of the police administration in the late Qing Dynasty from the Opium War in 1840 to the end of the New Administration in the late Qing Dynasty in 1911 shows the rapid implantation of western police system,the formation of modern Japanese police administration and the concept of"Taking Japan as teacher"in late Qing Dynasty in China,and the reformist thinkers’publicity and practice of the western police administration promoted the germination and development of police administration in late Qing Dynasty.The influence of western police system on Chinese modern police administration is mainly reflected in three aspects:the beginning of independence of the police function,the gradual formation of police system and the initial establishment of police legal system.