孤独症谱系障碍儿童语言障碍的现状与影响因素分析

The Status and Factors of Language Impairment in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

目的调查与分析孤独症谱系障碍儿童语言障碍的现状与影响因素。方法选择2017年1月~2019年12月在本院诊治的86例孤独症谱系障碍患儿作为病例组,同期在本地区幼儿园及小学就读的86例健康儿童作为对照组,调查语言障碍发生情况并分析其影响因素。结果病例组儿童孤独症行为量表(autism behavior checklist,ABC)与儿童自闭症评定量表(childhood autism rating scale,CARS)评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。病例组儿童语言发育迟缓评价法(sign-significance,S-S法)评分显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。语言障碍发生率为29.1%,对照组儿童无语言障碍发生。多因素条件Logistic回归分析显示,自闭家族史、早产、新生儿窒息、母亲性格内向型为导致孤独症谱系障碍儿童语言障碍的主要因素(P<0.05)。结论孤独症谱系障碍儿童多伴随有语言障碍,自闭家族史、早产、新生儿窒息、母亲性格内向型为导致孤独症谱系障碍儿童语言障碍的主要因素。

Objective To investigate and analyze the status and factors of language impairment in children with autism spectrum disorder. Methods From January 2017 to December 2019, 86 cases of children with autism spectrum disorder in our hospital were selected as the case group. 86 cases of children who were enrolled in kindergartens and elementary schools in the area were selected as the healthy group. The language disorders occurrence and influencing factors of all the cases were to investigated and analyzed. Results The ABC score and CARS score of the case group were higher than those of the healthy group(P<0.05). The S-S score of the case group wsa significantly higher than that of the healthy group(P<0.05). The incidence of language disorders was 29.1% in the case group, and there was no language impairment occurred in the healthy group. Multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis showed that family history of autism, premature birth, neonatal asphyxia, and introverted maternal personality were the main factors leading to language impairment in children with autism spectrum disorder(P<0.05). Conclusion Children with autism spectrum disorder are often accompanied by language disorders. Family history of autism, premature birth, neonatal asphyxia, and introverted maternal personality are the main factors that cause language disorders in children with autism spectrum disorder.